The Earths Interior Revisited Insights from Geophysics INTERLUDE
- Slides: 28
The Earth's Interior Revisited: Insights from Geophysics INTERLUDE D Essentials of Geology 5 th Edition Stephen Marshak Enhanced Art Slides prepared by: Brian Zimmer Appalachian State University
EARTH 5 Figure D. 1 Basic Structure of Earth Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 2 a Seismic Waves Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 2 b–d Seismic-Wave Propagation Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 3 b Reflection and Refraction Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 4 a, b The Crust-Mantle Boundary (Moho) Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 5 a Structure of the Mantle Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 6 a The Core-Mantle Boundary Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 6 b, c The Core Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 6 d The Core Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 7 Earth’s Interior Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 8 a Seismic Tomography Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 8 b Seismic Tomography Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
EARTH 5 D. 12 a Seismic Tomography Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 8 c Seismic Tomography Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 9 a, b Seismic Reflection Profiling After computer analysis, the data yield a seismic-reflection profile. Color bands represent horizons in the stratigraphic sequence. Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
EARTH 5 D. 14 Gravity The crests of waves on a pond have higher potential energy than the troughs. Potential energy increases as you go up the hill. Boulder 1 has the most potential energy. Boulders 2 and 3 have the same potential energy. Boulder 4 has less. When there are no waves, the surface of the water is an equipotential surface. Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 10, EARTH 5 Figure D. 15 The Geoid Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 11 Gravity Anomalies Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 12 Isostasy Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 13 a Earth’s Magnetic Field Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 13 b Self-Exciting Dynamo Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Figure D. 14 Magnetic Anomalies Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Think–Pair–Share Lake Mead is a large man-made lake that is held behind Hoover Dam just outside Las Vegas, Nevada. The lake was created in 1935. A 1950 survey of the region indicated that the elevation of the land around the lake had dropped as much as 17 cm (7 in) since the 1930 s. Explain why this elevation change happened. Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Think–Pair–Share You have been hired to search for volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits. These ore deposits have abundant pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, and sphalerite. What geophysical methods will you use in your search? What data in particular would you look for when using these methods? If you were employed by an oil company searching for oil trapped by a salt dome, how would your methods and desired data be different? Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Isostasy Animation
Interlude D Photo Credits • 13 • 14 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 23 USGS (both): Matthew Fouch, Arizona State University Adapted/Reproduced from Naliboff and Kellogg, "(2006). Dynamic effects of a step-wise increase in thermal conductivity and viscosity in the lowermost mantle", Geophysical Research Letters, 33. Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union. (left): Courtesy Gregory Mountain, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory; (center): Courtesy of Greg Moore, University of Hawaii and Nathan Bangs, University of Texas; (right): Courtesy Sercel and CGG Veritas Stephen Marshak (both): Figure provided courtesy F. Lemoine & J. Frawley, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center USGS Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
W. W. Norton & Company Independent and Employee-Owned This concludes the Norton Media Library Enhanced Art Slide Set for Interlude D Essentials of Geology 5 th Edition (2016) by Stephen Marshak Enhanced Art Slides prepared by Brian Zimmer Appalachian State University Copyright © 2016 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.