THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT 2005 Disaster Management NATURE

THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT, 2005

Disaster Management

NATURE BASED Earthquakes, Droughts, Floods, Cyclones etc. DETERIORATION BASED Environmental Degradation, Declining Health, Education & other Social services. H A Z A R D S VIOLENCE BASED War, Armed Conflict, Physical Assaults etc. FAILING INDUSTRIALLIZED SOCIETY BASED Fire, Gas leakage, Transport Collisions etc. 3

Natural Disasters Natural disasters are extreme, sudden events caused by environmental factors that injure people and damage property. Earthquakes, windstorms, floods, and disease all strike anywhere on earth, often without warning. As examples, we've chosen disasters that have occurred around the world throughout history.

“Disaster management” Means a continuous and integrated process of planning, organising, coordinating and implementing measures which are necessary or expedient for— (i) prevention of danger or threat of any disaster; (ii) mitigation or reduction of risk of any disaster or its severity or consequences;

“Disaster management” (iii) capacity-building; (iv) preparedness to deal with any disaster; (v) prompt response to any threatening disaster situation or disaster; (vi) assessing the severity or magnitude of effects of any disaster; (vii) evacuation, rescue and relief; (viii) rehabilitation and reconstruction;

Components of Disaster Management Hazard Analysis Vulnerability Analysis Prevention and mitigation Preparedness Prediction and warning Response Recovery

Phases of a Disaster Preparation Rehabilitation Warning Phase Recovery Impact Emergency Response

Precaution in Disausters · Be Informed · Develop a Family Plan · Stockpile Food and Supplies ·Be Prepared to Evacuate · After the Emergency

The Disaster Management Act, 2005 NDMA State DMA District DMA Local Authority

THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT, 2005 IT WAS ENACTED UNDER CONSTITUTION OF INDIA • THE CONCURRENT LIST OF THE • THE ACT COMPRISES 79 SECTIONS AND 11 CHAPTERS • DEFINES DISASTER AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN ITS NEW CONCEPT • IT PROVIDES FOR THE PRE-REQUISITE INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISM FOR MONITORING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PLANS • ENSURES MEASURES BY VARIOUS WINGS OF THE GOVERNMENT FOR THE PREVENTION AND MITIGATION OF DISASTERS • .

THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT, 2005 • IN TUNE WITH THE PARADIGM SHIFT, THE STATE GOVERNMENTS HAVE BEEN ADVISED TO AMEND THEIR RELIEF CODES • THE ACT PROVIDES FOR A NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY (NDMA) • THE STATE GOVERNMENTS SHALL CREATE STATE DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITIES AND DISTRICT DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITIES • THERE SHALL BE A DISASTER RESPONSE FUND AND DISASTER MITIGATION FUND AT NATIONAL, STATE AND DISTRICT LEVELS

SALIENT FEATURES. CHAPTER 1 - ( S 1 -S 2)PRELIMINARY CHAPTER 2 - ( S 3 -S 13)- NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY. CHAPTER 3 - ( S 14 -S 24) – STATE DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY. CHAPTER 4 - ( S 25 -S 34) – DISTRICT DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY. CHAPTER 5 - ( S 35 -S 40) – MEASURES BY THE GOVERNMENT FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT. CHAPTER 6 - ( S 41) – LOCAL AUTHORITIES. CHAPTER 7 - (S 42 - S 43) – NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE. CHAPTER 8 - (S 44 - S 45) – NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE FORCE. CHAPTER 9– (S 46 - S 50) – FINANCE, ACCOUNTS AND AUDIT. CHAPTER 10– (S 51 - S 60) –OFFENCES AND PENALTIES. CHAPTER 11– (S 61 - S 79) – MISCELLANEOUS

. DEFINITIONS. —IN THIS ACT, UNLESS THE CONTEXT OTHERWISE REQUIRES , — (a) “Affected area” means an area or part of the country affected by a disaster; (b) “capacity-building” includes— (i) identification of existing resources and resources to be acquired or created; (ii) acquiring or creating resources identified under sub-clause (i); (iii) organisation and training of personnel and coordination of such training for effective management of disasters;

“Central Means Government” the Ministry or Department of the Government of India having administrative control of disaster management;

Structure of Presentation Ø National Disaster Management Authority Ø State Disaster Management Authority Ø District Disaster Management Authority Local Authority Ø National Institute for Disaster Management Ø National Disaster Response Force Ø National Disaster Response Fund Ø Draft National Policy on Disaster Management

National Disaster Management Authority Ø National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) headed by the Prime Minister with up to a maximum of nine members nominated by Prime Minister. Ø The Authority may constitute an Advisory Committee consisting of experts in the field of disaster management. Ø The Authority shall be assisted by a National Executive Committee of Secretaries to be constituted by Central Government.

National Disaster Management Authority Ø Lay down the policies, plans and guidelines for disaster management. Ø The National Executive Committee shall prepare a National Disaster Management Plan in consultation with the State Governments. Ø The National Plan shall include measures for o prevention and mitigation of disasters, o integration of mitigation measures in the plans, o preparedness and capacity building. Ø NDMA shall recommend guidelines for the minimum standards of relief provided to persons affected by disaster

State Disaster Management Authority Ø SDMA with eight members to be nominated by the Chief Minister and the Chairperson of the State Executive Committee. Ø One of the members may be designated as the Vice. Chairperson of the State Authority by the Chief Minister. Ø SDMA may constitute an Advisory Committee of experts, as and when necessary.

State Disaster Management Authority Ø SDMA shall be responsible for laying down the policies and plans for disaster management in the State. Ø SDMA shall recommend guidelines for providing minimum standards of relief to persons affected by disaster in the State, not less than the minimum standards in the guidelines set by the National Authority. Ø SDMA will be assisted by the State Executive Committee.

District Disaster Management Authority Ø The State Government shall establish a District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) in each district. Ø The District Authority will be headed by District Magistrate and shall consist of members, not exceeding seven, as may be prescribed by the State Government. Ø The District Authority shall act as the district planning, coordinating and implementing body for disaster management.

Local Authority Ø The Local Authority shall ensure training of its officers and employees and maintenance of resources so as to be readily available for use in the event of a disaster. Ø Ensure that all construction projects under it conform to the standards and specifications laid down. Ø Carry out relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction activities in the affected area within its jurisdiction.

National Institute of Disaster Management Ø The Central Government shall constitute the National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM) Ø NIDM shall: plan and promote training and research in disaster management Start documentation, development of national level information base of disaster management policies, prevention mechanisms, mitigation measures.

National Disaster Response Force Ø A National Disaster Response Force shall be constituted for specialist response. Ø The general superintendence and direction of the Force shall be vested in and exercised by the National Authority. Ø Command supervision of the Force shall vest in an officer to be appointed by the Central Government as the Director General of the NDRF

National Disaster Response Fund Ø Ø A National Disaster Response Fund will be constituted and funded by the Central Government, and grants may be made by any person/institution. National Disaster Mitigation Fund started for mitigation projects. The State Government shall establish Disaster Response Fund and Disaster Mitigation Fund at State and District Levels. Every Ministry/Department of Central and State shall make provision in budget for activities in DM plan.

National Policy on Disaster Management Ø The National Policy on Disaster Management has been finalized and approved by Home Minister. Ø Inter-Ministerial consultation process has been completed. Ø The Policy is now under consideration of NDMA. Ø Draft Policy lays down the roadmap/direction for all Government endeavors.

Objectives of Policy Ø A holistic and pro-active approach for presentation, mitigation and preparedness will be adopted. Ø Each Ministry/Department of the Central/State Government to ensure that disaster reduction elements are integrated with development planning.

Policy : Techno Legal Framework Ø Development and vigorous enforcement of Indian Codes/Standards relevant to multi hazard resistant designs and updating it on regular basis. Ø Review of development control regulations and zoning regulations. Ø Revision of relief codes/manuals so as to convert them into disaster management codes/manuals to institutionalize panning process.

Policy : Mitigation and Capability Building Ø Detailed evaluation & retrofitting of lifeline buildings. Ø Construction of multi purpose cyclone shelters. Ø Capacity building of all stakeholders.

Policy: Preparedness and Response Ø Development of fully trained and equipped specialist response teams. Ø Strengthening of civil defense set up supplement local response and relief efforts. Ø Development of Standard Operating Procedures by all relevant Ministries/Departments at Central, State and District levels. to

Policy: Relief and Rehabilitation Ø State Government will be advised to establish per -contract and pre-agreement arrangements for immediate mobilization f resources. Ø Central Government will also facilitate mobilization of resources when requested by the State Governments.

Policy: Human Resource Development Ø Ø Establishment of National centers of excellence for human resource development in areas of disaster mitigation, preparedness and response. Promotion of research and envelopment for early warning systems and prevention and mitigation of sudden onset disasters. Involvement of community civil defense volunteers, NGOs, ex-servicemen and youth organizations in all aspects of DM. Promotion of self-reliance in the community.

Rakesh Chand/CI Mechanical