The design of HEPS beam diagnostics Yanfeng Sui

The design of HEPS beam diagnostics Yanfeng Sui, Jianshe Cao, Junhui Yue On behalf of HEPS beam diagnostics group High Energy Photon Source (HEPS), IHEP, China

Outline 1 Introduction of High Energy Photon Source（HEPS） 2 The preliminary design of HEPS beam diagnostics 3 The R&D efforts on key technologies 4 Summary HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 2

New light source in China — High energy, high brightness l The number of users and new research fields increased as rapid growing of the Chinese sciences and economy A new photon science research center at the northern China IHEP SSRF e. g. Increase of structure biology users in China About 80 km from IHEP Courtesy of Q. Qin HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 3

Technical features of the new light source l 6 Ge. V, 200 m. A, swap-out injection l Circumference 1360 m l Multi-bend achromat(7 bend) lattice High-brightness, ultra-low emittance(ex, ey) l l 41 insertion device straight sections Flexible operation: High-brightness and timing modes, round and flat beams l HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 4

Position HEPS beam instrumentation LINAC LTB Boost er 80 Other BLM Profile Current Button BPM 1 Stripline BPM 6 8 ICT 7 2 DCCT BCM OTR/YAG 7 2 X-Ray Diagnostics beamline VSLM Diagnostics beamline Pin Diode Fiber BLM Pilot Tune Direct Diode Detection Bunch length Slits 1 Emmitance 2 Energy analysis 2 st HEPS · The 1 Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France Bx. B Feedback (HLight &Dec. V& BT S SR STB 48*12+3 11 2 1 1 2 2 1 10*48 4 1 1 1 1 5

BI Parameters of storage ring System Method Main parameters Quantity Bunch Current Monitor BCM Resolution: 1/1024 1 Average current DCCT Beam Positon Monitor Chamber displacement measurement Beam length Four-buttons BPM Beam profile Bunch purity measurement and improving Tune measurement Beam loss monitor Range: 0. 1 m. A~500 m. A； Linearity: ≤ 0. 1%； Resolution: ≤ 0. 1 µm@200 m. A 576 Resolution: ≤ 100 nm 8 Resolution ≤ 2 ps 1 Resolution ≤ 0. 2µm 1 Time-correlated Single photon counting Resolution ≤ 10 -6 1 Pilot tune/3 D PIN diode type Resolution ≤ 10 -5 Counts rate: 10 MHz 1 500 Damping time ≤ 0. 5*rise time 3 High resolution displacement monitor Streak camera Double-slit interference & KB mirror Beam instability curing Bunch by bunch feedback system HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 1 6

Beam position monitor HEPS lattice is 24 cells which have two 7 BAs structure, in every 7 BA, there are 10 BPMs in arc and 2 BPMs in ID, so totally we have 48*12=576 BPMs. There another 3 multibutton BPMs for Tune, BCM and FBs. HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 7

Beam position monitor BPM with two bellows Duct inner diameter 22 mm Button diameter 8 mm The gap 0. 3 mm The length 108 mm Specific BPM for TuneBCMFB HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 8

BPM support Carbon fiber support for BPM in arc. Invar support for BPM in ID. Invar from ground, the natural frequency is 75. 4 Hz; Invar with small mass concrete, the frequency is 149. 07 Hz; Invar with big mass concrete, the frequency is 157. 39. Need to balance thermal expansion effect and improving natural frequency. HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 9

Synchrotron light based beam diagnostics NO Type Source Location Function 1 Visible Light Downstream of injection section Bunch length 2 X-ray Downstream of SC cavity Beam profile and bunch purity 3 X-ray Bending magnet Energy spread 光源点 可见光引出镜 光源 点 可见光 Visible light beam line HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France X-ray beam line 10

Synchrotron light based beam diagnostics Imaging system based on KB mirrors C 10910 streak camera from Hamamatsu Bunch purity improving system using kicker to kick off (ALS) Time-correlated single photon counting for bunch purity measurement HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 11

Beam current monitor l DCCT is employed for the average current monitor. Bunch current monitor with fast ADC sampling BPM sum signal is used to measure bunch current and share data with injection control system for bucket selection. l l The fast ADC is commercial product. Innovative Integration XG-12. n 2 channels 12 -bits ADC with 1 G sampling rate. n 512 MBytes DDR 2 DRAM and PCI Express x 8 sockets for data transmission. HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 12

Other system of beam diagnostics l Beam loss monitor n Bergoz’s l l PIN-diode based counting modules Feed back system n There are 3 feedback systems for transverse and longitudinal directions n Bunch by bunch feedback Vacuum chamber monitor n MICRO-EPSILON capacitive displacement transducer HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 13

Linac beam instrumentation Deflecting Cavity Monitor NO. Design Goal EBPM 1+6 30 um@2. 5 n. C ICT 7 1%@2. 5 n. C OTR/YAG 6 0. 1 mm Slits 1 0. 1 mm@30 mm HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 14

Beam current/charge monitor ICT (integrating current transformer ), connected to integrate and hold electronics, is adopted to measure bunch charge during normal operation and the efficiency of linac. l There are 7 ICTs located at gun exit，A 1, A 3, A 5, A 7, A 9 exit and also the end of linac. l Connector Flange Sensitivity Output Pulse length (6σ) SMA DN 63 CF 2. 5 Vs/C (10: 1) < 1 us Output Rise time Input Bunch length Droop Linearity error ~30 ns >250 ps 10%/us 10% HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 15

Beam position monitor The specification of strip line BPM Total length 200 mm Duct outer diameter 52 mm Duct inner diameter 45. 6 mm Stripline length 150 mm Stripline outer diameter 37 mm Stripline thickness 1 mm Stripline opening angle 45 degrees l HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 16

The layout of Booster beam instrumentation DCCT Monitor NO. EBPM 80 BCM 1 DCCT 1 Tune monitor SLM Fiber BLM 1 2 4 RF Parameters Design Goals 10µm@1 -13 m. A 100µm@0. 1 -1 m. A Resolution（@2 n. C） 0. 4% Resolution (0 -0. 1 m. A) 10μA Resolution(0. 150μA 13 m. A) Linearity error 0. 1% Resolution(Ib=13 m. A) 0. 0001 Resolution 70µm Spatial resolution 0. 6 m Synchrotron TBT resolution Tune Kicker HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France light monitor 17

The efforts on beam diagnostics R&D l The home-made BPM electronics l The KB mirror for beam profile measurement HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 18

The home-made BPM electronics For the HEPS will have been built several years later, so we develop the DPBM prototype with BEPCII parameters, and DBPM system will tested in BEPCII. l l HW design n RTM Design n AMC Design l FW design l SW design l Test of the DBPM HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 19

n RTM Module design ü No cross-calibration ü Low Noise design ü Low power consumption HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 20

DBPM_RTM function block Switched Attenuators LNA -9 d. B Fc=500 MHz BW=10 MHz NF=0. 46 d. B Gain=20 d. B P 1 d. B=19 d. B m IP 3=36 d. Bm LNA 0 d. B to 31 d. B NF=2. 9 d. B Gain=23. 75 d. B P 1 d. B=18. 1 d. Bm IP 3=37 d. Bm LNA 0 d. B to 31 d. B Fc=500 MH z BW=10 MH z NF=3. 39 d. B Gain=20 d. B P 1 d. B=16. 3 d Bm IP 3=37 d. Bm -3. 1 d. B AGC LNA πAtt -6 d. B Fc=500 MHz BW=10 MHz 0 d. B to 31 d. B NF=0. 9 d. B Gain=20 d. B P 1 d. B=18. 1 d. Bm IP 3=37 d. Bm Fc=500 MH z BW=10 MH z NF=1. 2 d. B Gain=20 d. B P 1 d. B=16. 3 d Bm IP 3=37 d. Bm balun -3. 1 d. B 1、Two LNAs are enough 2、The place of Attenuator is designed carefully 3、Attention to the Impedance matching & Noise HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 21

S-Parameter Characterization S 11 S 21 S 12 S 22 Receiver S-Parameter Characterization S 21 -Parameter Characterization The performance of band pass filter is good! HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 22

Channel to Channel Isolation --78. 824 d. Bm --77. 473 d. Bm -60 d. Bm A→B 6. 5 d. Bm→-78. 8 d. Bm B→A 6. 5 d. Bm→-77. 47 d. Bm HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 23

Function module l Power Logic l Clock Logic l FPGA Logic l ADC Logic l NET Logic l Other Logic… HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 24

RAW ADC data and Analysis RAW ADC data and analysis HEPS · The 1 st Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 25

RAW ADC data and analysis SA Data testing HEPS · The 1 st Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 26

Beam test in BEPCII HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 27

Temperature influence l Thermostatic control Cabinet l Cross-bar l Pilot-Tone Turn ON Status HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 28

Motivation of KB mirrors R&D High energy photon source (HEPS) is expected to achieve 60 pm·rad ultralow-emittance with MBA (Multiple-Bend Achromat) lattices design l Both horizontal and vertical beam sizes of HEPS storage ring are below ten microns. It’s a challenge for measuring such small beam size in both directions. l Kirkpatrick Baez (KB) mirror imaging system was evaluated to measure it l HEPS · The 1 Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France st 29

Kirkpatrick Baez mirror design shape radius of curvature grazing angle substrate coating acceptance angle size L ×W× H clear aperture L×W RMS roughness RMS slope error distance to source distance to image magnification heat load VFM HFM cylindrical 2. 57 km 3 mrad silicon Rh 122 μrad 320 mm× 40 mm cylindrical 2. 57 km 3 mrad silicon Rh 117 μrad 320 mm× 40 mm 300 mm× 10 mm <0. 2 nm <0. 3 μrad 7. 36 m 8. 08 m 1. 1 hitting 1. 083 W absorbed 0. 832 W <0. 2 nm <0. 3 μrad 7. 72 m 1 hitting 0. 251 W absorbed 0. 058 W (Color) Spectrum of the synchrotron radiation from bending magnet source, and filtered by Al window, KB mirror, and 10 m air HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 30

Kirkpatrick Baez mirror System design and manufacture Observation window KB mirror Water cooling Valve Vacuum gauge Ion pump Granite base Floor HEPS · The 1 Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France st 31

Kirkpatrick Baez mirror Installation site SSRF Parameters Value Beam energy (Ge. V) 3. 5 Beam current (m. A) 200 -300 Circumference (m) 432 RF frequency (MHz) 499. 654 Natural emittance (nm·rad) 3. 9 Magnetic field of dipole (T) 1. 2726 Critical photon energy (ke. V) 10. 4 Horizontal RMS beam size (μm) 78 st Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 HEPS · The 1 Diagnostics Experts of European Light Sources 20(DEELS), Grenoble, France Vertical RMS beam size(μm) 32

Kirkpatrick Baez mirror KB mirror installation and alignment Alignment and fix the ROLL and Yaw of the two mirrors HFM mirror VFM mirror HEPS · The 1 Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France st 33

Kirkpatrick Baez mirror Beam test result Much thanks to SSRF for the KB mirror beam test ! 2017 -6 -7，finshed KB mirror system commissioning， Beam size long-tem measurement data Get σx=74. 7 um， σy=25. 1 um HEPS · The 1 Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France st 34

Kirkpatrick Baez mirror The result of different beam current 10. 47 m. A 66. 20 m. A Spot is clearly visible 100 m. A Spot center saturation 259 m. A After attenuation HEPS · The 1 Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France st 35

Summary l The preliminary design of beam diagnostics is finished. The prototypes of BPM electronics KB mirror are in hand during HEPS-TF. l The key technologies are developed will be helpful in construction of HEPS. l There are still a lot of work to do towards the detail design of beam diagnostics. l HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 36

Thanks for your attention HEPS · The 1 st Experts Meeting of IAC, IHEP, Dec. 11 -14, 2018 Diagnostics of. HEPS European Light Sources (DEELS), Grenoble, France 37