THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL A MODEL OF CHANGING

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THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL A MODEL OF CHANGING BIRTH RATES, DEATH RATES AND POPULATION

THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL A MODEL OF CHANGING BIRTH RATES, DEATH RATES AND POPULATION CHANGE OVER TIME

Stage 1 high stationary ·little access to birth control ·many children die in infancy

Stage 1 high stationary ·little access to birth control ·many children die in infancy (high infant mortality) so parents tend to have more children to compensate in the hopes that more will live ·children are needed to work on the land to grow food for the family ·children are regarded as a sign of virility in some cultures ·religious beliefs (e. g. Roman Catholics and Hindus) encourage large families ·high death rates, especially among children because of disease, famine, poor diet, poor hygiene, little medical science.

Stage 2 early expanding ·improvements in medical care hospitals, medicines, etc. ·improvements in sanitation

Stage 2 early expanding ·improvements in medical care hospitals, medicines, etc. ·improvements in sanitation and water supply ·quality and quantity of food produced rises ·transport and communications improve the movements of food and medical supplies ·decrease in infant mortality.

Stage 3 late expanding • increased access to contraception lower infant mortality rate means

Stage 3 late expanding • increased access to contraception lower infant mortality rate means there is less need to have a bigger family • industrialisation and mechanisation means fewer labourers are required • the desire for material possessions takes over the desire for large families as wealth increases • equality for women means that they are able to follow a career path rather than feeling obligated to have a family

Stage 4 low stationary Both birth rates and death rates remain low, fluctuating with

Stage 4 low stationary Both birth rates and death rates remain low, fluctuating with 'baby booms' and epidemics of illnesses and disease. This results in a steady population.

Stage 5? ? ? declining A stage 5 was not originally thought of as

Stage 5? ? ? declining A stage 5 was not originally thought of as part of the DTM, but some northern countries are now reaching the stage where total population is declining where birth rates have dropped below death rates. One such country is Germany, which has taken in foreign workers to fill jobs. The UK's population is expected to start declining by 2021.

Stage 1 Ethiopia / Bangladesh UK: pre-1780 Stage 2 Sri Lanka / Brazil UK:

Stage 1 Ethiopia / Bangladesh UK: pre-1780 Stage 2 Sri Lanka / Brazil UK: 1780 - 1880 Stage 3 Uruguay / China UK: 1880 - 1940 Stage 4 Canada / Japan UK: post-1940

1. ADD KEY WORDS: HIGH, LOW, STAIONARY, FALLING, RISING, EXPANDING SLOWLY, EXPANDING QUICKLY 2.

1. ADD KEY WORDS: HIGH, LOW, STAIONARY, FALLING, RISING, EXPANDING SLOWLY, EXPANDING QUICKLY 2. DRAW A LINE TO SHOW THE CHANGE IN THE TOTAL POPULATION

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