The Constitution The Convention Congress met in Philadelphia

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The Constitution

The Constitution

The Convention Congress met in Philadelphia to “revise” the Articles of Confederation. ▪ Every

The Convention Congress met in Philadelphia to “revise” the Articles of Confederation. ▪ Every state except Rhode Island sends delegates (55 total) ▪ James Madison kept records of debates ▪ Debates closed to public ▪ Delegates were not allowed to speak about the proceedings outside of the building The delegates soon decided to “throw out” the articles and write a new document.

The Constitutional Convention

The Constitutional Convention

Conflict and Compromise

Conflict and Compromise

Conflict and Compromise New Jersey Plan • Legislature: • Representation: • Which States Supported:

Conflict and Compromise New Jersey Plan • Legislature: • Representation: • Which States Supported: Virginia Plan • Legislature: • Representation: • Which States Supported: Great Compromise • Legislature: • Representation: • Which States Supported:

Conflict and Compromise

Conflict and Compromise

Ratification In order to make the constitution official, 9 of the 13 states had

Ratification In order to make the constitution official, 9 of the 13 states had to approve Special elections were held delegates were chosen by voters for a state convention Those delegates would vote to approve or reject the constitution

Two Sides Federalists Supported the constitution Believed a strong central government was needed Believed

Two Sides Federalists Supported the constitution Believed a strong central government was needed Believed separation of powers and check and balances would protect individual freedoms Antifederalists Disapproved of the constitution Believed power should stay with individual states Believed the Constitution did not go far enough to protect individual freedoms

Federalists Led by George Washington, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton Were supported by urban

Federalists Led by George Washington, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton Were supported by urban centers and small states Published a series of essays called “The Federalist” Analyzed and explained the constitution to voters

Antifederalists Led by Patrick Henry and Samuel Adams Supported by rural farmers and large

Antifederalists Led by Patrick Henry and Samuel Adams Supported by rural farmers and large states Published “Letters from the Federal Farmer” to explain that they believed freedom of the press and religion needed to be protected

Another Compromise Antifederalists demanded a Bill of Rights Federalists yielded, and promised a Bill

Another Compromise Antifederalists demanded a Bill of Rights Federalists yielded, and promised a Bill of Rights would be added if the states ratified the Constitution

Ratification After a series of debates, most of the states approved the Constitution New

Ratification After a series of debates, most of the states approved the Constitution New government became official in 1789

Bill of Rights Added to the Constitution in 1791 First 10 Amendments Secured individual

Bill of Rights Added to the Constitution in 1791 First 10 Amendments Secured individual freedoms and limited government power

Questions for Class Discussion Did the Convention exceed its authority? the Convention did exceed

Questions for Class Discussion Did the Convention exceed its authority? the Convention did exceed its authority, should it have anyway? If Would the United States have been better off if the Virginia Plan had been adopted as presented? If the New Jersey Plan had been adopted?

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