The Cold WarPost WWII and Beyond 1945 1991

The Cold War/Post WWII and Beyond 1945 -1991 |created by Mr. Booth; edited by Ms. Farley| US History 8

Thursday, 4/28/16 1. Warm-up: What could we expect in this upcoming unit based on the video? Give 3 examples 2. Homework: Achieves and Progress Reports are due tomorrow!

Part I: The Cold War

Today we will Identify key vocabulary for our last unit of the year! Woot! America Post WWII. Examine how the US and USSR will enter into the Cold War. (aka causes of the war)

Friday, 4/29/16 1. Turn in Warm-up sheet (put Weekly 5 for today) and Progress Report to the front of your row. 2. You will use the readings to answer the questions on quia. (Weekly Assessment: Truman Timed Readings) Answer the questions like this: 1. A, 2. B. 3 C. 4 D…. 3. Achieve 3000 when done until the end of class. 4. Turn in Achieve sheets at end of class. Monday we will start the Cold War.

Monday, 5/2/16 1. Warm-up: Get out paper for your notes (Title it Cold War Notes part 1) and a Warm-up Sheet. a. Answer: Who is the enemy in the Cold War? b. Answer: How long does the Cold War last? 2. Homework: Berlin Wall Infographic and Achieve might make you do a Level Set test again, I am not 100% sure on this. This is your 2 nd chance to score above 800 pts, so do your best!

I. Post-WWII outcomes 1) United Nations- formed near end of WWII as a body of nations to prevent future global wars. It is still in existence today. Facts 1)193 Member countries What organization had been formed at the end of WWI to prevent global war?

5 Governing Bodies of U. N. 1. UN General Assembly • Vote on issues; each country has one vote 2. UN Secretariat • Admin body; Secretary General is Ban-Ki-moon (5 yrs. ) 3. UN International Court of Justice • Universal court of law for world – 15 judges (9 yrs) settle disputes between nations 4. UN Security Council • Most Powerful; responsible for peace and security – 5 permanent members: China, Russia, UK, France, U. S. 5. UN Economic and Social Council • Global Economic and Social Affairs- Raising standard of living in countries, promote human rights, education, and humanitarian aid

I. Post-WWII outcomes 2) Japan: -Occupied by American forces -Adopts democratic form of government (Mac. Arthur Const. ) -Resumed self-gov’t -Ally of U. S. Look on the bottom of your grandparent’s figurines to see if they were made in “occupied Japan. ” Q: What social changes were brought about in Japan while Mac. Arthur was there?

The Cold War 3) Europe: • -Lay in ruins • -Soviet controlled East Europe • -Germany divided into – East (Communist) – West (Democratic) • After World War II, Germany was divided into four zones, occupied by French, British, American, and Soviet troops. Divided Berlin

Berlin Wall • Soviets build a wall around East Berlin to keep people from leaving to go to West to a democracy

I. Post-WWII outcomes? 4) Origins of Cold War What are the origins of the Cold War(4)? - please answer this while watching the video

II. Cold War: Defined Cold War- 45 year competition about values. (end of WWII-collapse of Soviet Union in 1991 — 8 presidents)

The 2 Sides in the Cold War East • Gov? Communism • Rule? Dictators • Where? Eastern Europe – Soviet Satellite countries • Organization? – Warsaw Pact West • Gov? Capitalism • Rule? Democracy • Where? Western Europe – (US Allies) • Organization? NATO – (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

Country Allegiances

Iron Curtain • Iron Curtain describes separation or divide between communist & democratic countries • Q: Why is this separation called an Iron Curtain? • Q: What were the 2 sides? (besides just communist v. democratic)

A PEEK UNDER THE IRON CURTAIN

Tuesday, 5/3/16 Warm: up Questions: 1. Why are there usually curtains on showers? 2. The curtain in the cartoon is dividing the continent of 3. Who put up the curtain according to the cartoon? 4. What are two things that are cut off or divided by the curtain? Homework: Achieves due Friday

II. Cold War: Defined NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization Defensive alliance between U. S. and Western Europe (1 st time U. S. entered into peacetime military alliance)

II. Cold War: Defined Warsaw Pact, 1950 - Defensive alliance between Soviet Union and Eastern European Countries.

The U. S. Response/Strategy: • Truman Doctrine -US will lead fight against Communism - The Truman Doctrine effectively reoriented U. S. foreign policy, away from its usual stance of withdrawal from regional conflicts not directly involving the United States, to one of possible intervention in far away conflicts. That sounds like a great plan of action! What a genius idea!

The U. S. Response/Strategy: • Containment: Q: What would this mean? • U. S. will stop Communism from spreading

The U. S. Response/Strategy • Stop the Domino Theory: • Definition: If one country became communist, then others would fall to being communist as well. • Domino Theory

The Truman Doctrine/Marshall Plan

The Marshall plan 1. “European Recovery Program. ” 2. Secretary of State, George Marshall 3. The U. S. should provide aid to all European nations that need it. This move is not against any country or doctrine, but against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos. 4. $12. 5 billion of US aid to Western Europe extended to Eastern Europe & USSR, [but this was rejected].

Response to Marshall plan

III. Cold War: Harry Truman --- Foreign Policy Berlin Airlift (1948 -49) • Soviets block access to west Berlin. • Q. Why? • West is turning western Berlin Into a profitable city. West Introduces new currency (Deutschmark) Truman orders supplies airlifted. *2. 3 million tons of supplies

Cold War Review 1. We never fought the USSR because we feared _____. 2. The _____ said we’d lead the fight against communism. 3. We fought communism by stopping the spread of it. This was called _____. 4. We had to stop the spread to stop the _____ theory from happening. 5. The money from the _____ made countries loyal to us.

Cold war Review Answers 1. We never fought the USSR because we feared mutual destruction. 2. The Truman Doctrine said we’d lead the fight against communism. 3. We fought communism by stopping the spread of it. This was called containment. 4. We had to stop the spread to stop the domino theory from happening. 5. The money from the Marshall Plan made countries loyal to us.

COLD WARS! 1. 2. 3. 4. China – Chinese Civil War Korea – Korean War Vietnam – Vietnam War Cuba – Cuban Missile Crisis

1. Chinese Civil War • When: 1946 -1949 • Involved Parties: – 1. Leader of the Communists: Mao Zedong (stronghold in Northwest China. Improved literacy and improved food production) – 2. Leader of the Nationalists: Jiang Jieshi in Mandarin or Chiang Kaishek (stronghold in southwestern China. 2. 5 million man army – https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v =kl. Ajaujd. E 6 M

1. Chinese Civil War • Who Won? – Mao Zedong and the Communists and proclaimed China “the People’s Republic of China • Why? Said he would return land to the Chinese peasants and the economy collapsed • U. S. President: Harry Truman • Reaction: Increased fears of communist domination. U. S. spent $3 million in support of Nationalist, Chiang Kai-shek, only to have failed!

Raise your hand to receive the Korean War Webquest You will work by yourself to complete the Korean War Webquest using the link below. http: //www. history. com /topics/korean-war

Wednesday, 5/4/16 1. Warm-up: Cold War/Korean War Check in on quia. 2. Get your homework out on your desk so I can see if you did it. 3. Homework: Achieves are due Fri.

Achieve 3000/CSLPs for 40 mins 1. This week’s Articles: Code Talker Tells His Story, Women in the Military, Lessons from the Cold War 2. CSLPs- create ads for Kiss the Pig, announcements, and/or any emails that I need to send to the staff( could be about milk jugs for money collection). . . If there is nothing else you can do, read your AR book or pick Achieve Bonus Lesson articles to prep for EOGs

2. Korea – Korean War

Review Korean War Webquest Pull out the Korean War Webquest. If you missed a question, or got it wrong, please write down the correct answer as we review the homework. http: //www. history. com /topics/korean-war

Thursday, 5/5/16 Warm-up: (Review Question) Based on this cartoon, which areas of the world was the US most interested in building its empire in? a. Africa and Asia b. Europe and Africa c. Latin America and Africa d. Asia and Latin America Homework: Vietnam Webquest and Achieve

3. Vietnam – The Vietnam War • When: 1957 -1973 • Who was Involved? 1. In the early 1900’s, France controlled resource rich Vietnam. Communist leader Ho Chi Minh forced French leaders to surrender in 1954. • U. S. President Dwight Eisenhower described the threat in Asia in terms of the domino theory which would lead to the fall of other Asian countries.

During the Vietnam War, about two-third of American troops This lead to Vietnam War Protests. were volunteered, the rest were selected for military service through the drafts. In the beginning of the war, the names of all American men in draft-age were collected by the Selective Service. When someone’s name was called, he had to report to his local draft board.

3. Vietnam – The Vietnam War • Today we will complete a webquest on the Vietnam War. • You may work with your table to divide and conquer! • Remember when you’re working with your table, you do need to communicate, but you should be on task and not distracting other groups. • If I have to say Volume 3 times because we are not whispering, we will work alone.

If you get done the webquest, Before you turn it into the orange bin, watch movie to the left and summarize the protest movement that occurred during the Vietnam War on the backside of your webquest. Turn this in, and then do Achieve/AR https: //www. youtube. co m/watch? v=e. TMv 2 Fm. S XWg

Friday, 5/6/16 Warm-up: Write down Achieve 3000. Put your Warm-up sheet and Vietnam webquest into the center of the tables. Log on to Achieve. Homework: Finish Geography Practice Test, You should be taking this more than once!

Achieve 3000/CSLPs for 30 mins 1. This week’s Articles: Code Talker Tells His Story, Women in the Military, Lessons from the Cold War. Do the Bonus Lesson: Check the Facts, and Bonus Lesson: When Genes Don’t work which are located in your Mailbox when you are done. 2. CSLPs- Do the Bonus Lesson: Check the Facts, and Bonus Lesson: When Genes Don’t work which are located in your Mailbox on Achieve 3000. You can pick ones you want to do afterwards

After Achieve 3000, please do 1. Geography Practice Test for NCFE on quia. This is counted in your grade.

Monday, 5/9/16 1. Get out three pieces of blank paper. One is for your warm-up, the others are for your notes(Cold War Part 2). 2. Warm-up: Have you ever been put in a situation in which your guilt, rather than your innocence, is presumed and the burden is upon you to prove yourself innocent? Explain 3. Homework: Practice Test for NCFE- American History(100 questions) and Achieves due Friday.

The Cuban Missile Crisis • In the 50’s Cuba was ruled by an unpop. Dictator – Fulgencio Batista • Overthrown by a young lawyer – Fidel Castro, he improved the economy and brought about social reforms, but suspended elections, executed opponents, and controlled the media. • When Castro made Cuba communist, he took over U. S. sugar mills. • Eisenhower suspended trade with U. S. which crippled their economy. • They turned towards the Soviet Union.

The Cuban Missile Crisis • In 1961, the CIA began to train anti-Castro exiles in the U. S. • In April of 61, with the help of the U. S. military they invaded Cuba, landing at the Bay of Pigs. – The U. S. did not provide the exiles the hoped for air support. This was a secret mission that the public should not hear about. • Castro’s forces easily defeated the invaders, humiliating the United States

The Cuban Missile Crisis • April 1962, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev began to built 42 missile sites in Cuba. • In October of 1962, a U-2 American spy plane discovered this • President Kennedy demanded these missile sites be removed. • For 13 days in 62’ we were at a standstill. The world feared nuclear war. • Finally, the Soviets removed the missiles from Cuba. • When: 1962 • Kennedy, Khrushchev, Castro

Cuban Missile Crisis

The Closer you are to Zero (0) the worse off we are!!!! Red= Defcon 3 -1, Blue = Defcon 4 -5. Blue is GOOD!

Mc. Carthyism and the Red Scare Mc. Carthyism is the political action of making accusations of disloyalty, subversion, or treason without proper regard for evidence. The term specifically describes activities associated with the period in the United States known as the Second Red Scare, lasting roughly from the late 1940 s to the late 1950 s and characterized by heightened fears of communist influence on American institutions and espionage by Soviet agents.

THe Cold War At Home 1. Communist takeover in China fueled fear in America 47’-Truman set up a Federal Employee Loyalty Program - investigate govt. employees 2. House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)- investigated Communist influence in the movie industry (Communists were sneaking propaganda into the movies) 3. Hollywood Ten- ten witnesses from the film industry that refused to cooperate w/ the HUAC & were imprisoned 4. blacklist- list of ~500 actors, writers, producers, & directors that were not allowed to work because of alleged Communist ties

Civil Rights (not the movement) • The HUAC’s attempts to remove persons with “un-American” views from the entertainment industry raised significant constitutional issues. The investigations by HUAC and later by Senator Joseph Mc. Carthy seemed to clash with the constitutional rights of freedom of speech and freedom of assembly (1 st) and with the rights of accused persons to be fully informed of the nature of accusations against them (5 th). • As Hollywood tried to rid itself of Communists, Congress passed the Mc. Carran Internal Security Act. This made it unlawful to plan any action that might lead to the establishment of a totalitarian dictatorship in the U. S.

Spies- Ethel and Julius Rosenberg • activists in the American Communist Party • September 1949 -Soviets exploded atomic bomb • implicated in giving the Soviets info about the atomic bomb • Ethel’s brother, David Greenglass, worked on the Manhattan Project had testified that he gave info to Julius • both were found guilty of espionage & sentenced to death in 53’ *1 st U. S. civilians executed for espionage Russian spy files later confirmed Julius was a spy but did not hand over secrets useful to building bombs

Spy Cases • Alger Hiss – former State Dept. official – accused of spying for the Soviets by a former Soviet spy in 1948 (Soviet spy produced govt. documents that had been typed on Hiss’s typewriter) – govt. convicted Hiss of perjury (3 ½ yrs. in prison) – Nixon gained fame for hearings Soviet cables released in the 90’s seemed to prove Hiss’s guilt

COLD WAR: HOMEFRONT **A. Fear of Nuclear War. Americans were urged to build bomb shelters in their own basements.

School children practice “duck and cover” drills

Tuesday, 5/10/16 1. Warm-up: Do you think you would have the courage to demonstrate peacefully for a cause you believed in if there was a possibility of violence? Explain. What might be a cause? 2. Homework: Practice Test for NCFE- American History(100 questions) and Achieves due Friday.

Part II: 20 th Century Events 1. Fall of the Berlin Fall/Communism 1989/1991 2. China: The Great Leap Forward – Students at Tiananmen Square 3. U. S. S. R – Five Year Plan – Sputnik – Soviet’s in Afghanistan – Russia: Gorbachev’s perestroika and glasnost – Fall of Berlin Wall and Communism 4. Roots of Arab-Israeli Conflict – Palestine Statehood 5. Nelson Mandela and Gandhi. Joey DIehl

Soviet Union: 1. Soviet: Five Year Plan 2. Sputnik 3. Soviets in Afghanistan 4. Gorbachev’s Perestroika and Glasnost

Soviet Union: 1. Soviet Five Year Plan: Plans outlined by Joseph Stalin in 1928 for the development of the Soviet Union’s economy Sputnik: First ever satellite launched into space by a Soviet rocket. It circled the earth every 96 minutes (Information on space/spying) Soviets in Afghanistan: Turned communist after WWII by Soviets. In late 70’s, a Muslim revolt threatened to topple Afghanistan’s communist regime. This revolt led to a Soviet invasion in 1979. • The Afghan rebels called the Mujahedeen fought the Soviets hard with American weapons. The Soviets withdrew in 1989. This war had striking resemblance to the Americans fighting a war in Vietnam. Gorbachev’s Perestroika and Glasnost: 2. 3. 4. – – – Perestroika: A restructuring of the Soviet economy to permit more local decision making in 1985. Glasnost: Soviet policy of openness to the free flow of ideas and information, introduced by Gorbachev. These encouraged economic growth and political freedom!

Space Race: 1945 -1972

Fall of the Berlin Wall/Communism • In 1989, Hungary allowed East-German travelers to cross the border into non-communist Austria which was unprecedented. – Thousands of East Germans took this new escape route to the West! • In response, East Germany closed its borders entirely. – By October 1989, huge demonstrations/protests broke out in East German cities and demanded 1. to travel freely, and 2. free elections – The East German puppet leader lost authority and resigned • June, 1989 President Reagan had stood before the Berlin Wall and demanded: “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!” • The new E. German leader opened the Berlin Wall and the Communist Party in E. Berlin ceased to exist. Germany reunified in 1990.

Fall of the Berlin Wall- 1989

While the Cold War going on, here at home we have the Civil Rights Movement (1954 -1968) 1. With your table, you will complete the Civil Rights Movement Webquest. You may also choose to work alone if you wish.

Wednesday, 5/11/16 1. Warm-up: Vietnam, COld War, and Civil Rights CHeck in on QUIA. This is timed. 2. When you are done, log-on to Achieve 3000, CSLPs- Read your communication logs please and follow those directions. THank you! 3. Homework: Practice Test for NCFE- American History(100 questions) and Achieves due Friday.

Digging Deeper- Decades Project : D Switch to project. Students will be able to have two days of research and then two days to put the product together. Presentations will happen begin next Tuesday Since your tables are your groups, you will pick your decade from the hat to make it fair for all involved.

Wed- Friday Tuesday, 5. 17. 16, we will begin presentations. You are responsible for doing a one pager for every decade. Each one pager is worth 30 pts.

After Decades Projects are done We will do NCFE Review.