The Cold War Origins 1945 1955 History Notes

The Cold War Origins (1945 -1955) History Notes 13 -1

The Cold War • Yalta Conference (March 1945) – U. S. and Soviets plan to rebuild post-war Europe – Germany will pay reparations for WWII

The Cold War • Potsdam Conference (July 1945) – U. S. and Soviets divide up Germany into East & West regions – Increased tensions between two superpowers

What is the Cold War? • The Cold War (1945 -1990): – Two superpowers (USA and Soviet Union) compete for military power and influence throughout the world

The Cold War – Soviet Union supports pro-Communist governments in… o Poland o Czechoslovakia o Bulgaria o Hungary o Yugoslavia o Romania

The Cold War • Iron Curtain: The Soviet Union and other communist nations of Eastern Europe

The Iron Curtain Winston Churchill gave the “Iron Curtain” speech in 1946 Map of the Iron Curtain

The Cold War • Policy of Containment (1947 -1990): – Prevent the spread of communism • Truman Doctrine (1947): – U. S. will support any Anti-Communist Gov’t – EX: Korean War – Vietnam War

The Truman Doctrine, 1947 Video: Truman Doctrine President Truman outlined the Truman Doctrine to a joint session of Congress in March of 1947

The Cold War

The Cold War • The Marshall Plan (1947): Video: Marshall Plan – U. S. sponsors a European post-war recovery program (Give food and money to Europe)

The Marshall Plan, 1947 A map showing how the plan’s $20 B was distributed by country Photo shows a delivery of wheat from the U. S. being unloaded in Rotterdam, Netherlands

The Cold War • Berlin Airlift (1948 -1949): – U. S. Air Force flies supplies to West Berlin to keep it out of Soviet control

The Cold War • NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization): – Military alliance of Western European, democratic countries

The Cold War • Warsaw Pact (1955): – Military alliance of Eastern European, communist countries – Soviets fear a NATO attack

NATO Treaty, 1949. Warsaw Pact, 1955.

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