The Cold War Continues 1950 s Democracy vs

The Cold War Continues… 1950 s Democracy vs. Communism

United States Economy � GI Bill of Rights: Encouraged Veterans to get an education in order to introduce them back into society � Paid of college, books, room/board, etc… to any college that would accept the veteran � Conversion � from Wartime economy to Peacetime economy Global trade reopened � Many people had “wants” they were not able to have during the wartime economy… people were buying! � Consumerism: Buying of material goods � The “race” against the Soviet Union kept government spending high, which kept people employed � The 1950 s= great economy!!

1948 Election � Dixecrats: State’s Rights Democratic Party � Presidential Candidate: Strom Thurmond � “Give’em Hell Harry” campaign � Truman: The Fair Deal- an extension of Roosevelt’s New Deal � GI Bill of rights is included here

Election Results

Truman’s “first” term � Stalemate in Korea � � Mc. Carthyism running rampant � � The Red Scare Truman’s approval rating was extremely low… � � � Armistice: Cease-fire 23% in 1951 Obama’s approval rating now: 44% Truman does not run again… and in the 1952 Election “Ike” wins the presidency � Richard Nixon is the VP

The White Flight � Suburbs… Interstates… the white population moves out of the cities � Interstate System created in 1956 under Eisenhower � Race Isolation: White neighborhoods in the suburbs, African American neighborhoods in the cities � The Growth of “Inner” City: Extreme poverty within city limits � National Housing Act of 1949 - constructing low income housing for city dwellers

Korean War June 1950 - July 1953

Korea Divided � 38 th parallel- � Drawn at the end of WWII � Potsdam conference � Soviets controlled North Korea � US controlled South Korea

Korean War Begins � North Korea invades South Korea by passing over the 38 th parallel � June 25, 1950 � This became the first significant armed battle of the Cold War � Soviets defending North Korea � US coming to South Korea’s aid.

Korean War � North � Keeps pushing to unite the Korean Peninsula under communist rule � US � Korea has many early victories with the help of the UN launched a counter-offensive Pushing North Korean forces back to the 38 th parallel � The US pushed the N. Koreans back but decided to go on offensive � Now the US/South Korea decides to try to push communism out of North Korea for good � China then enters on the side of N Korea

Korean War � Communist China/Soviet Union vs. Democratic US � Soviets supplying North Korea � China sending troops � The threat of a nuclear war ended the Korean conflict with a armistice (cease fire) � Neither side wanted to see atomic power used � Korean demilitarization zone: 2. 5 mile zone around the 38 th parallel (latitude line) that is a “buffer” between N and S Korea � Still the line today (after 60 years)

Korean Conflict � Not a civil war, because other powers were involved � “Proxy War”: The war had third party participants � The US and Soviet Union using the war to “fight” the opposite ideology (communism vs. democracy) � 38 th parallel keeps N Korea isolated today � North Korea has nuclear weapons

Pablo Picasso Paints about the Korean War � Paints against the injustices happening in Korea � Criticizing War the American involvement in the Korean

1950 s- Political Revolutions All a part of the Cold war…

Revisit the US Containment Policies � Truman Doctrine � � Marshall Plan � � Rebuild Western Europe NATO � � Contain communism where it is Alliance between US and Western European Nations Preventing the Domino Effect � Domino effect: Belief that if one country falls to communism, the neighboring countries would soon as well

The Cuban Revolution How Fidel Castro came to Power

The Cuban Revolution � Major revolt in 1953, many died Fidel and Raul Castro survived but were sentenced to 15 years in prison � Given freedom after a few months but exiled to Mexico � � Senator John Kennedy spoke out against injustices in Cuba, and supported Fidel’s revolution � Che Guevara supported the Castro’s and assisted them in their overthrow of the Batista regime � January 1, 1959: Overthrow of the Cuban dictator

The Revolutionaries Che Guevara- Argentinean Fidel Castro- Cuban

Fidel Castro in Power � Fidel was born into a wealthy family � Has a law degree… very smart � He led Cuba to become a one party socialist republic � Now suffers from diverticulitis � Transferred his “duties” to Raul, his brother � Raul is now the president of Cuba � Raul is making some changes

The Chinese Revolution Communist China is born under Mao Zedong

Chinese Civil War � The Communists in China fight the Chinese nationalists � Nationalist supported by the US � Communists supported by the Soviet Union � Communists win: Containment is failing! Communism is spreading!

Mao Zedong as Leader � Mao takes over Chinese control- communist dictator � China = People’s Republic of China � CCP rules: Chinese Communist Party � Mao died in 1976, but the CCP still controls China