The Cold War Chapter 26 New War Cold

The Cold War Chapter 26

New War Cold War – a war between the Soviet Union and the United States where no fighting actually occurs l United Nations (UN) – an organization of united countries that promotes world peace l Question: Is world peace possible? Why or Why Not…explain l

Iron Curtain l “Iron curtain” – imaginary line that divided Europe. l East – Communist l West – Free l Satellite Nations – countries dominated by communism

Question l After WWI and WWII what do you think the punishment for Germany should be? Should they be allowed to have a military? Should they be allowed to have their own government?

Germany Divided l Germany cut into 4 pieces l Soviet, l Berlin (capital) located in Soviet section l Berlin l British, French, American divided into 4 sections as well Power Struggle – Soviets blockade of allied Berlin l Berlin Airlift – 327 days

American Response l l Containment – don’t allow communism to spread Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan l l North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) l l Giving support and money to countries threatened by communism “An attack on one is an attack on all” Question: In your opinion should the US be protecting other nations both then and now? Explain, why or why not?

Communism in China l Communist Revolution in China l Mao Zedong – “Red China”

Korean War l Soviet controlled North Korea attacks South Korea in 1950 l l l 38 th Parallel is the dividing line Back and forth battles, land gained and lost – “Tug of War” Chinese help the north In the end little land changes hand - stalemate Demilitarized Zone – a piece of land where no military can enter l 38 th Parallel

Fear in America “Red Scare” – the fear of communism coming to the US l House of Un-American Activities l l Hollywood Ten l Blacklist – a list of people who were suspected communists l Joseph Mc. Carthy – “Mc. Carthyism” l. A hunt for communists in the US government l Little progress, many false accusations

Fear of Communism l Signs of the Fear l Bomb shelters built l “Burt the Turtle” l Teachers took oaths l Senator Mc. Carthy l Sputnik— Russians could send an Atomic bomb to the US!

Fear of Attack l H-Bomb – more powerful than an atomic bomb l “Nuke” l Soviets tested theirs in 1953 l Lots of panic in the US – “Duck and Cover”

A New Nation Formed l Israel formed in Middle East as a country for the Jews l Land taken from Palestine – Arabs l Conflict begins instantly

Hope for Peace l Nikita Khrushchev takes over the Soviet Union after Stalin dies in 1953 l Wants l to improve relations with the US All hope is lost when an American U-2 spy plane is shot down over the Soviet Union

Space Race l Race to see who could get to space first l Sputnik – Soviet satellite, 1 st ever in space l Vanguard – American satellite, huge failure