The Civil War The Battle of Bull Run

The Civil War The Battle of Bull Run was a sound Confederate victory. The South won many of the early battles of the war Unit 1 -2: Course of the Civil War

John Brown and Harpers Ferry • The radical abolitionist John Brown tried to start a slave uprising in 1859 • He raided a federal armory, and thought slaves would revolt so he could supply them with guns • They did not revolt and John Brown was caught and hung for treason • EFFECT? : the south considers the north to be radically against slavery, and will never stop trying to ban it.

John Brown (left): led a raid on the federal armory

Advantages and Disadvantages: The Union (North) • Advantages: – More manpower, soldiers – More industry to produce supplies (uniforms, guns and ammo) – Better transportation and communication systems • Railroads • Telegraph – Stronger navy • North can blockade the South via the “Anaconda Plan” and choke the life out of the Southern economy and Confederate Army • Disadvantages: – Had to invade and conquer the Confederacy (South) – Had poor leadership (generals) for much of the war

Advantages and Disadvantages: The Confederacy (South) • Advantages: – Good leadership (Generals Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson, James Longstreet) – Motivated to fight defensive war on home turf/natural born fighters and horsemen • Disadvantages: – Less men – Very little industry – Very little communication and transportation networks – Virtually no navy

Key Battles 1. Fort Sumter: opening shots of the Civil War fired on army base in Charleston harbor 2. Siege of Vicksburg: Union troops capture key city guarding Mississippi River, cut off supplies to Confederacy from the West 3. Battle of Gettysburg: Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia defeated, Confederacy begins to decline – Lincoln issues famous Gettysburg Address, the following Fall 4. Appomattox Courthouse: Lee surrenders to Grant

Comprehension check • On your own sheet, answer in paragraph form the following YOU DO NOT have to copy the question: – Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the North and South. What southern advantage, and northern disadvantage, do you think allowed the South to hold out for so long?