The Certified Quality Process Analyst Handbook 1 st

The Certified Quality Process Analyst Handbook 1 st edition Chapter 9: Basic Quality Tools 2 nd edition Chapter 3: Quality Tools Presented by Dr. Joan Burtner Certified Quality Engineer Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering and Industrial Management

Seven Classic Problem. Solving Tools of Quality Check Sheet Pareto Chart Scatter Diagram Histogram Cause-and-Effect Diagram Flowchart Control Chart IDM 355 Fall 2016 Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 2

Classic Quality Tool 1: Check Sheet Also known as a tally sheet Helps gather data on the frequency of occurrence of particular events or defects Check sheet design often requires prior knowledge of the process IDM 355 Fall 2016 Poor Performance on Statistics Exam Check Sheet didn't eat breakfast not enough sleep didn't study too many exams that day didn't understand topic poor math skills unfair test forgot to bring calculator SS √ MS √ JB √ √ RR √ GB √ √ √ √ √ √ Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 3

Classic Quality Tool 2: Pareto Chart Pareto (an 1800 s Italian economist) noted that 80 percent of the wealth in Italy was held by 20 percent of the population Juran (20 th century) 80% of the variation in a process is caused by 20% of the variables ◦ 20% - vital few ◦ 80% - trivial many or useful many IDM 355 Fall 2016 Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 4

Classic Quality Tool 2: Pareto Chart Causes are frequently documented in a check list which is used to generate a Pareto chart Managers use Pareto charts to help focus or prioritize process improvement efforts IDM 355 Fall 2016 Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 5

Classic Quality Tool 3: Scatter Diagram Also known as an X-Y IDM 355 Fall 2016 100 80 Quiz Grade graph “Shows whether or not there is a correlation between two variables” Caution: A statistical correlation does not guarantee a direct cause and effect Linear/nonlinear Positive/negative 120 60 40 20 0 0. 0 1. 0 2. 0 3. 0 4. 0 5. 0 6. 0 7. 0 8. 0 9. 0 10. 0 Hours Studied Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 6

Classic Quality Tool 4: Histogram Bar graph that represents IDM 355 Fall 2016 Frequency the frequency distribution of the data X-axis shows cell boundaries Y-axis shows cell frequency Shape of the bars is only a rough indication of the distribution Histogram of Quiz Grades 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 30. 5 40. 5 50. 5 60. 5 70. 5 80. 5 90. 5100. 5 Bin Upper Bound Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 7

Classic Quality Tool 5: Cause-and-Effect Diagram Other names ◦ Fishbone diagram ◦ Ishikawa diagram ◦ C-E diagram Methods Machine Flat Tire Used to show the many different causes that may contribute to a problem (effect) Causes are frequently generated through brainstorming sessions IDM 355 Fall 2016 Man Materials Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 8

Classic Quality Tool 5: Cause and Effect Diagram Manufacturing Environment 4 M Chart ◦ ◦ Man Machine Methods Materials Service Environment 4 P Chart ◦ ◦ People Policies Procedures Plant Other categories sometimes used (6 M, etc. ) IDM 355 Fall 2016 Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 9

Classic Quality Tool 6: Flowchart Maps the sequence of steps and decision points in a process Helps group to have common understanding of the process Load Was h Dry Paint Cure Distribute IDM 355 Fall 2016 Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Scra p Slide 10

Classic Quality Tool 7: Control Chart Purpose ◦ Indicates how a process behaves over time ◦ Shows when a process is being influenced by special causes Chart consists of UCL, LCL, and data points Examined for Seenonrandom patterns Chapter 14 (2 nd edition) or Chapter 20 (1 st edition) for detailed discussion of control charts. IDM 355 Fall 2016 Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 11

Contact Information Email: Burtner_J@Mercer. edu US Mail: Mercer University School of Engineering Macon, GA Phone: (478) 301 - 4127 IDM 355 Fall 2016 Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 12