The Cell Organelles Typical Animal Cell Cell Organelles

The Cell Organelles (Typical Animal Cell) Cell Organelles are small structures that help carry out life functions Cell Membrane Nucleus Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes Golgi Body Lysosome Mitochondria Vacuoles

Cell Membrane The cell membrane separates the cell from its surrounding environment, The membrane controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell. This makes it possible for the cell contents to be chemically different from the environment. It is described as “selectively” or “semi” permeable because not all things can go through See image next page

Lipid Bilayer Enzyme Protein Receptor Protein Channel

Nucleus The control center for metabolism and reproduction. Houses the genetic information (chromosomes). See image next page

Nucleus Real under electron Microscope

Endoplasmic Reticulum System of fluid-filled canals, or channels, enclosed by membranes. Serve as paths to transfer materials throughout the cell.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough = with Ribosomes) Ribosome Endoplasmic Reticulum RER or ER (without ribosomes) The Real Thing

Ribosomes The site of protein synthesis. These Ribosomes are colored enhanced. They can be found on the ER or floating in the cytoplasm

Golgi bodies aid in the preparation and storage of molecules to be secreted by the cell. Proteins made at ribosomes are often packaged by the Golgi complex R. ER These two organelles often work together Golgi body

Golgi In Action Outside Cell Inside Cell

Lysosomes Involved in the digestion of food with in the cell. They contain enzymes - they will eventually combine with food vacuoles to digest food. Sometimes they are opened up and destroy worn-out cells

Mitochondria Releases energy stored in food molecules (cellular respiration). Food = chemical bond energy = organic molecule Cellular Respiration Taking energy out of food and converting it into a form that can be used by the cell (ATP)

Vacuole Storage site for cell products (water, food, waste products)

Plant Cell

Cell Wall Lies just outside the cell membrane, and gives the cell its shape and provides protection for the cell. (Adds Structural Support) Mainly made of the carbohydrate called cellulose

Large Vacuole Plant cells have large vacuoles that are typically used as a storage site for waste products. Very Large

Chloroplast The place where photosynthesis takes place. They are green because they contain a green pigment called chlorophyll The green pigment captures the light energy

The End