THE CELL MEMBRANE AND CELLULAR TRANSPORT TRANSPORT absorption
THE CELL MEMBRANE AND CELLULAR TRANSPORT
TRANSPORT absorption ________ and circulation ________ of materials through an organism digestion � Absorption - the end products of solids gases ________ and other dissolved cells blood ________ and ________ enter the ________cell and Plasma membrane ________ of an organism through the ________ or __________ � The
FUNCTION OF THE CELL MEMBRANE Protect � ________ the cell from the outside environment Select � ________ which materials leave enter ________ and ________ the cell (selectively or semi permeable) responding Recognizing and ________ � ________ to chemical signals homeostasis � It helps maintain ________
STRUCTURE OF THE CELL MEMBRANE Fluid-Mosaic Model � _________ for the cell membrane has become widely accepted � Model shows the cell membrane lipid is a double ________ (fat) layer with large proteins ________ embedded in it.
STRUCTURE OF THE CELL MEMBRANE three are ________ kinds of proteins found in the cell membrane: Channel � ________ proteins doughnuts � Shaped like ________ passageways through the cell � Form ________ � There membrane to allow only the molecules with the right ‘key’ to pass through
STRUCTURE OF THE CELL MEMBRANE Receptor � ________ proteins shape a specific ________ that sticks out from the cell membrane Chemical messages � Receive ___________ (hormones) from other cells and respond stimulate the cell to ________ � Chemical messages must make a fit perfect ________ on to the shape ________ of the Receptor protein in order for __________ the cell to respond � Have
STRUCTURE OF THE CELL MEMBRANE � Marker ________ proteins Name tags � These are the ________ of the cell, making fingerprint each cell unique, like your ________ markers � Every cell of your body has ________ on its surface ________ saying that it is part of you immune � The body’s ________ system uses these marker proteinsfriendly to tell ________ cells from foreign ________ invaders � Marker proteins become important in organ transplants ________
PASSAGE OF MATERIAL’S THROUGH THE CELL MEMBRANE � In addition to receiving information. into � Cells need to move materials ________ oxygen the cell such aswater ________, nutrients and _______________, waste � ________ materials, such as (CO 2, salt, out water, urea) must pass ________ of the cell � Molecules can passive enter and leave the cell by: � ________ active transport � ________ transport
PASSIVE TRANSPORT � Movement if materials across the cell without membrane ________ the use of energy ________ � There are two types of passive transport diffusion � ________ osmosis � ________
PASSIVE TRANSPORT � � Diffusion ________ - the movement of molecules from concentration an area. High of _________ to an area of Low concentration _________without the use ofenergy ________ Concentration gradient Molecules will move by diffusion only if there is a _______________ difference A concentration gradient is the ________ in concentration of a substance from one region to another This picture shows sugar molecules (black dots) moving by diffusion among water molecules (small circles) High Concentration Moving from high to In
PASSIVE TRANSPORT � Molecules of a substance will continue to move until evenly they are ________ distributed Equalibrium � ________ equal numbers of molecules move in each direction � This picture shows movement of molecules by diffusion across a cell
PASSIVE TRANSPORT Osmosis � ________ is the diffusion water � ________ of ________ through the cell membrane � Water molecules move from an area of high ________ concentration to an area of low ________ concentration energy � No ________ is required
PASSIVE TRANSPORT enters plant cells by osmosis vacuoles ________ and fills the large ________ � Water pressure Cell creates wall ________ � The filled vacuole against the turgor ________. This pressure is called a ________ pressure,
ACTIVE TRANSPORT � Movement if materials through a cell membrane using energy ________ � Molecules move against ________ the Concentration gradient ____________ � From an area of __________ to an Low concentration area of High concentration __________
ACTIVE TRANSPORT � Other types of active transport are: Pinocytosis � ________ Cell drinking called ____________ vacuoles form at the cell surface and bring in � ________ large dissolved molecules � Sometimes Phagocytosis � ________ Cell eating called ____________ engulfs � Cell ________ large undissolved particles by vacuole growing around them and enclosing them in a ________ � Sometimes
ACTIVE TRANSPORT Contractile vacuoles � _________ - in One-celled many ________ organisms that live in water, these collect Excess water and ________ pump it out to the environment. In this way, balance water ________ is controlled in the cell to homeostasis maintain ________
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