The Cell Cycle Chapter 2 3 Cell cycle

The Cell Cycle Chapter 2. 3

• Cell cycle is the life cycle of the cell. • Chromosomes are how the DNA is organized. The chromosomes must be copied to make sure that the new cells have the same genetic information as the parent cell. (original cell) • Homologous chromosomes are pairs of the same chromosomes (prefix homo means the same). • Mitosis- body cells divide to create new cells.

Phases of Mitosis • Interphase- Chromosomes are copied, each chromosome is two chromatids. (chromatids are held together by a centromere) • Prophase- The nuclear membrane (surrounds the nucleus) begins to dissolve. Chromosomes condense (come together) into rod like structures. • Metaphase- Chromosomes line up across the center and homologous (same) pair up. • Anaphase- Chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the pole.

Mitosis continued • Telophase- A new nuclear membrane forms around the new sets of chromosomes. The chromosomes unwind and two new cells are made. The two new cells are known as daughter cells. • Cytokinesis- If the cell does not have a cell wall then the cell pinches off to make two new cells. If a cell wall exists then a cell plate forms between the two new cells. The two new cells are known as daughter cells. The original cell is the parent cell. • See figure 4 on page 44 for a visual.