The Catholic Church in the Middle Ages FEAR

Late Medieval Church Art Chalice, paten, and straw, mid-13 c Reliquary, late 12 c

Influence • Center of every village and town • Religious ceremonies • Holidays

No Meat on Fridays Attend Mass on Sundays

Law • Canon Law • Kings Laws • Excommunication

HERESY Opinion or doctrine at variance with the orthodox or accepted doctrine, esp. of

REFORM What is the Church’s job? It wasn’t getting done. Corruption led to a

The Cluniac Movement • Hildebrand becomes Pope Gregory VII • Gregory fights with Holy

Architectural Style Romanesque Cathedral ØRounded Arches. ØBarrel vaults. ØThick walls. ØSmall windows, usually at

Gothic Cathedral Architectural Style Á Began in France in the 12 c. Á Pointed

St. Etienne, Bourges, late 12 c “Flying” Buttresses

Chartres Cathedral, Paris Jamb Figures Royal Portal The “Pillar People”

Stained Glass Windows Ø For the glory of God. Ø For religious instructions.

Rose Window Chartres Cathedral, Paris The good, of course, is always beautiful, and the

Chartres Cathedral Plan for all Rose Windows

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The Catholic Church in the Middle Ages

FEAR

Late Medieval Church Art Chalice, paten, and straw, mid-13 c Reliquary, late 12 c Wealth

St. Peter’s Basilica (Rome)

St. Paul’s Cathedral in London, England

Influence • Center of every village and town • Religious ceremonies • Holidays

No Meat on Fridays Attend Mass on Sundays

Law • Canon Law • Kings Laws • Excommunication

HERESY Opinion or doctrine at variance with the orthodox or accepted doctrine, esp. of a church or religious system. The maintaining of such an opinion or doctrine. Roman Catholic Church. The willful and persistent rejection of any article of faith by a baptized member of the church.

Inquisition

REFORM What is the Church’s job? It wasn’t getting done. Corruption led to a Return to Christian ideals.

The Cluniac Movement • Hildebrand becomes Pope Gregory VII • Gregory fights with Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV

FRIARS St. Dominic St. Francis

Monks – Benedictine Rule

Architectural Style Romanesque Cathedral ØRounded Arches. ØBarrel vaults. ØThick walls. ØSmall windows, usually at the top of the wall. ØDarker, simplistic interiors.

Romanesque Floor Plans

St. Filibert, France, 10 c

Duomo, Florence

Interior of a Romanesque Cathedral

The Gothic Cathedral

Gothic Floor Plans

Canterbury Cathedral, England

Gothic Cathedral Architectural Style Á Began in France in the 12 c. Á Pointed arches. Á Flying buttresses. Á Stained glass windows. Á Elaborate, ornate interior. Á Taller, more airy = lots of light. Á Lavish sculpture = larger-than-life.

Interior of a Gothic Cathedral

St. Etienne, Bourges, late 12 c “Flying” Buttresses

Flying Buttress

Gothic “Filigree” Close-ups

Chartres Cathedral, Paris Jamb Figures Royal Portal The “Pillar People”

Cathedral Gargoyles

Gargoyles

Stained Glass Windows Ø For the glory of God. Ø For religious instructions.

Notre Dame Cathedral

Rose Window Chartres Cathedral, Paris The good, of course, is always beautiful, and the beautiful never lacks proportion. --- Plato

Chartres Cathedral Plan for all Rose Windows

Which Interior Is Which?

Which Vault Is Which?

Which Cathedral Style Is Which?

Learning

Thomas Aquinas