The British East India Company 1837 1857 East

The British East India Company 1837 -1857 East India Company military officer and his Indian assistant, 1770 Viceroy: a British man in India who governed in the name of the queen. Mughal Empire: Lack of strong rulers after 200 years reign

A British Perspective “A single shelf of a good European library is worth the whole native literature of India and Arabia. ” -Thomas Macaulay Cartoon from Punch Magazine September 1857

Sepoys: Indian soldiers in the East India Company that had to serve anywhere, either in India or overseas. Sepoy Infantryman, 1819 Madras Cavalry of British India, 1845

Sepoy Rebellion of 1857

Blessing…. or curse…. ? • Medical improvements • Market & source of raw materials. • Railway systems-> communication, trade travel • Deforestation (cutting • Nationalism -- down trees) & over pop *not for all---Muslims and famine + higher Hindus separate from their taxes to occupy british troops original thought Muslim league 1906 • disliked separation of • Education improved women in separate • Civil service jobs- Brits had quarters best though • Military • Some landowners made profit from the selling of crops

AIM: How did Western powers use diplomacy and war to gain power in Qing China? Do Now: To begin, define balance of trade.

*Refresher • Nationalism + Industrialization = IMPERIALISM Western Nations: Colonies: “strong country” take over “weak country” Causes of Imperialism: E EXPLORATORY M MOTIVES P POLITICAL I IDEOLOGICAL R RELIGIOUS E ECONOMIC S SOCIAL DARWINISM

Imperialism in china • After the British began smuggling opium into China, the Chinese fought back in the famous Opium War. (1839 -1842) -Treaty of Nanjing • Taiping Rebellion: almost toppled Qing dynasty. • After being defeated, China was carved up into spheres of influence (areas where trade was controlled by different European nations). • Boxer Rebellion: Rebellion in which China tried (but failed) to gain independence from the various Western nations that controlled them.

‘The Real Trouble Will Come With the Wake’ Joseph Keppler: Puck August 15, 1900

Aim: How did Japan become a modern industrial power, and what did it do with its new strength? Do Now: Describe the geography & culture of Japan’s feudal age

III. Imperialism in Japan A) From 1600 -1854, Japan was largely isolated and wanted little contact with the rest of the world. B) 1854 - Commodore Matthew Perry of the United States sailed into Japan in order to open up the country to trade. We wanted to do business with Japan. v. Treaty of Kanagawa (1854) Japan suffered the same fate as China v. U. S. & Europe gained ports v. Extraterritoriality rights v. Discontent & humiliation swept Japan

Russo-Japanese war Korea BECOMES a protectorate under JAPAN 1905 -1945

C) Meiji Restoration (1868 -1912) 1) This is the period in Japanese history when Japan was ruled by Emperor Meiji. 2) NOTE: During this period, Japan began a rapid (fast) program of modernization and westernization. 3) Modernization- Japan industrialized (built factories, machines, roads, communications). 4) Westernization- Japan adopted the customs and techniques of Western countries (i. e. - Europe and the United States). Japan changed its government, military, education system, and technology to make it more like those of Europe and the United States.

D) As result of the changes made during the Meiji Period, Japan became a powerful and modern industrial country. Instead of being taken over by Europeans or the United States (the way India, China, and Africa were), Japan actually started to take over (imperialize) other countries. E) Now that Japan had factories, it needed natural resources/raw materials (like coal, tin, iron, and lead) to make products. *Japan had very few natural resources of its own & took over Korea and part of China to gain these resources.