The Black Death Iva Vaktov 1 mcr Introduction

The Black Death Iva Vaňkátová 1. mcr

Introduction: n n Plague has been occured since the ancient world Already mentioned by: Homer Thukydides Vergilius Plague is also mentioned in the Bible.

n Plague is called black death because of characteristic black spots, which appear on the skin of affected people

n n n Plague – specific infection Affects mainly wild living rodents and other small mammals Transmitted by parasites ( mainly by fleas)

Three forms of Black Death n n n Bubonic Pneumonic Septicemic Each different form killed people in a vicious way. What the plague affects:

The bubonic plague n n n Most commonly seen form of the Black death Mortality rate: 30 -75% Symptoms: enlarged and inflamed lymph nodes (around arm pits, neck and groin) Headaches, nausea, aching joints, fever, vomiting Symptoms took from 1 -7 days

The pneumonic plague n n n Second most commonly seen form Mortality rate: 90 -95% The penumonic plague infected the lungs Symptoms: slimy sputum tinted with blood ( sputum is saliva mixed with mucus exerted from the respiratory system) Symptoms took 1 -7 days to appear

The septicemic plague n n The most rare form of all Mortality was close to 100%

How it was transmitted

European outbreak n n Infection spread to the Europe from West Asia October 1347 Messina 1347 Genoa, Venice From Italy to: France, Spain, Portugal and England ( by June 1348), Germany, Scandinavia and finally to northwestern Russia in 1351

n People burnt clothes of the dead to avoid spreading the infection

n The absence of hygiene was one of the reasons why the infection spread so fast

How the doctors protected themselves

Effects- population loss n n In Europe 20 to 25 million people ( one third of population) England lost almost one million people

Economic changes n n n Valuable artisan skills disappeared when large numbers of the working class died Those who had skills became even more valuable than the rich people The poor demand more money End of serfdom More comfortable life for peasants – enough money for better houses

The Effect on Music and Art n People‘s attitudes towards music and art changed as they began to see the depression surrounding them

World Distribution of Plague n n n Central Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, part of China, south-west and south-east Asia East Africa, Madagaskar Andes and Brasil in South America, North America

Occurence of illness in last years ( source WHO) WHEN WHERE HOW MANY 2001 Zambia 21 HOW MANY DIED 3 2002 2003 2004 2005 India Malawi Algeria Congo 19 71 10 130 4 ? ? 1 57

n Nowadays plague doesn‘t represent such danger as in the Middle Ages. It is quite quickly and reliably curable with strong antibiotics.

Vocabulary n n n n Bubonic- dýmějový Depiction – zobrazení Droplet- kapénka Groin- slabina Lymphatic glandlymfatická žláza Lymph-node mízní uzlina Mucus – hlen n n n n Mud – bláto Peasant – rolník Pneumonic – plicní Rodent – hlodavec Septicemic – střevní Serfdom - nevolnictví Sputum- slina Thatch – došek Windpipe - průdušky