The Bill of Rights ensures that the central

The Bill of Rights ensures that the central government does not become too strong. • It places limits upon the central government • Limits government interference in powers granted to the states or the people • It guarantees basic civil liberties/rights

The Bill of Rights The First 10 Amendments to the Constitution

Bill of Rights • The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution helped persuade opponents (Anti-Federalists) to ratify (approve) it • It protected the individual rights of citizens (Freedom of religion, right to keep and bear arms, etc. )

First Amendment • The First Amendment protects the 5 basic civil liberties of citizens • Guarantees freedom of religion, speech, the press, assembly, and petition

Second Amendment • The Second Amendment ensures the right of the people to keep and bear arms • Its interpretation is at the center of the current gun control debate

Third Amendment • “No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law. ” • This means the military cannot house soldiers in people’s homes unless approved by law

Fourth Amendment • The Fourth Amendment limits unreasonable searches and seizures by local, state, and federal law • Protects the privacy of the homes and property of citizens

Fifth Amendment • The Fifth Amendment requires a grand jury to initiate federal prosecution • Protects against self-incrimination (right to remain silent) • You may not be tried twice for the same crime (double jeopardy) • Private property cannot be taken for public use without just compensation

Sixth Amendment • Anyone accused of a crime is entitled to a speedy and fair trial by jury • Also guarantees explanation of the charges, access to witnesses, and right to a lawyer • Right to confront witnesses against you in court

Seventh Amendment • The Seventh Amendment guarantees a trial by jury in lawsuits (civil court) • Established a judicial process to sue for money, property, or personal injury • A civil trial differs from a criminal trial

Eighth Amendment • Protects the accused from cruel and unusual punishment and excessive bails or fines

Ninth Amendment • Rights not stated in the Constitution and not forbidden by the Constitution belong to the people • Establishes possible rights that the Constitution’s framers couldn’t anticipate (such as the right to die controversy)

Tenth Amendment States that any powers not given to the federal government by the Constitution belong to the states and people

Assignment • Using your notes, summarize each amendment in 5 words or less. • You may use an acronym for Amendments #1, 5, and 6 because they contain multiple components.

Do Now: Political Cartoon • Study the political cartoon and try your best in answering all the questions. • Remember: – The Second Amendment ensures the right of the people to keep and bear arms (guns). – The 5 th Amendment protects against self-incrimination (right to remain silent).

Do You Know Your Bill of Rights? • With one partner. • Read each situation. • After reading, determine what amendment might apply to the situation.

Warm Up Question #1: • Gennie, an eighteen year old college student, is arrested for stealing a classmate’s designer sweater and selling it on e. Bay. When Gennie appears before the judge, she asks for a lawyer to help defend her. The judge tells Gennie that if she is smart enough to be in college, she knows enough to defend herself. Besides, she is not charged with a felony, so the stakes are not very high. • What amendment might she look to for protection?

#2 • Carolyn is arrested for shoplifting a candy bar from a grocery store. At trial, she is found guilty. The judge decides that the right punishment is to cut off Carolyn’s hands so she will not be able to shoplifting again. • What amendment might she look to for protection?

#3 • Congress wants to find ways to cut costs because of the soaring budget deficit. Congress passes a law to require American citizens to house US soldiers in their homes during peacetime. • What amendment protects against this?

#4 • Concerned about rising crime, lawmakers for the District of Columbia ban all handguns in the city, and require that shot guns be kept unloaded and/or disassembled. • What amendment may protect against this?

#5 • A man suspected of a violent crime is brought in to the police station. The alleged victim picks him out of a lineup as the man who attacked her. Police inform him that he has the right to refuse to answer questions, but they do not offer to let him speak to a lawyer. After being questioned for two hours, the man admits the crime. • What amendment can he look to for protection?

#6 • A public school principal smells smoke in the hallway, and believes it is coming from the girls’ bathroom. She walks into the bathroom and finds Susan standing by the sink. She suspects Susan has been smoking, and demands to search her purse for cigarettes or other evidence of smoking. • Is this a search constitutional?

#7 • John, a fourteen year old public school student, wears a shirt to school that says “F*$% violence, F#$* the war” to express his belief that the ongoing USA’s military presence in the Middle East is wrong. His principal tells him he must change his shirt or be suspended from school. John refuses, and is suspended for a week. – What amendment does this concern? – Is his suspension unconstitutional?

#8 • Members of Congress are unhappy with students’ standardized test scores. They pass a federal law that abolishes local school boards and requires a national, standardized curriculum. • What amendment protects against this?

Roman & Greek Influences • Complete the assignment.

Review Assignment • Complete. • Then you may study w/ your study guide…. or…. . • Finish your poster!!!!