The Beginnings of Islam The Arabian peninsula is
The Beginnings of Islam • The Arabian peninsula is covered by desert • The nomads called Bedouins live there • Herd sheep, camels, and goats • Led trade caravans as guides • Mecca is on the Arabian peninsula
The Arabian Peninsula
The Beginnings of Islam • Muhammad was born in Mecca • In 610 AD Muhammad began to preach the teachings of Islam, his followers are called Muslims • Allah is God, and Muhammad is called the Messenger • In 622, Muhammad was invited to Yathrib • Yathrib was changed to Medina, city of the prophet • In 632, when Muhammad died, Islam had spread across the Arabian Peninsula
The Beginnings of Islam • • 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A mosque is a Muslim house of worship The Quran is the holy book Muslims pray 5 times a day and face toward Mecca Five Pillars of Islam- The basic beliefs of the religion Declaration of Faith Prayer Almsgiving Fasting Pilgrimage
The Beginnings of Islam • Islam experienced a schism in 656 • Uthman, the Islamic leader was assassinated • Two groups argued over who should be the next leader • The Shiites said it should be a direct descendant of Muhammad • The Sunnis argued that any truly religious man could lead. • Today, 85% of Muslims are Sunni • Shiites and Sunnis still argue over this today
The Beginnings of Islam Sunni Countries Saudi Arabia Algeria Egypt Jordan Evenly Mixed Kuwait Shiite Countries Bahrain Iraq
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