The Beginnings of Industrialization Chapter 9 Section 1
The Beginnings of Industrialization Chapter 9 Section 1 Notes
Industrial Revolution Begins in Britain • Over time governments and countries rise and fall giving way to a new way of life. This will spark a different kind of revolution. • The Industrial Revolution refers to the increased output of machine made goods in England in mid 1700’s. • This wave will spread all throughout Europe and on to where?
• In early years – 1700’s England consisted primary of open farm land. • Wealthy land owners will make drastic changes which will lead to agricultural revolution. • Enclosures will begin to be created. • These produced 2 results: 1) Wealthy land owners could try new agriculture Methods and 2) Forced small farmers to go into the cities. • Introduced ideas such as Crop rotation.
• Livestock breeding will change for the better. • Ex. Lambs going from average of 18 lbs. to 50 lbs. • Eventually because of the Agricultural Revolution, food supply will greatly what? ? ? Causing WHAT to go up? ? • This agricultural Revolution will turn out well for wealthy land owners but who has suffered and what happens to them?
Why the Industrial Revolution began in England • Had large population of workers • Had many natural resources • For Industrialization to commence you had to have natural resources. • Resources included: water power and coal to fuel machines, iron ore to make machines and tools and buildings, rivers for inland transportation, and lastly harbors to sell and import products***** • On top of this Great Britain's Economy was expanding.
• People started to invest in products and companies and inventions. • Banking system was increased due to encouragement of loans and ability to receive one so they could start up a business. • Overseas trade also led to growing economy in England. • Another factor that led Great Britain to be the first to industrialize was military success. The government would also create industry friendly laws.
• All these tied together create what is known as Factors of Production. • Basically the resources to produce goods and services that the Industrial revolution required. • They had land, labor, and capital(wealth) *****
Inventions Spur Industrialization • Britain's textile industry was the first to explode. • Fabrics of wool, linen, and cotton. • Inventions: Flying Shuttle, Spinning Jenny, - (These put together will create a more advanced machine called the Spinning Mule) • Wealthy textile merchants set up rows and rows of these machines in buildings and they became to be known as Factories. • The first ones were water powered so they had to be built by rivers and streams. THIS WILL CHANGE!
Flying Shuttle
Spinning Jenny
The Spinning Mule
• Guy named Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin. In 1790 cotton produced in lbs. was 1. 5 million. Because of his cotton gin in 1810 85 million lbs. of cotton is produced. (That’s a lot if you didn’t know)
Improvements in Transportation • Water turbine power will eventually turn into the steam engine • Early coal miners were using a steam powered pump by feeding it with coals but this became unconventional and expensive. • Entrepreneur’s were sought after to make inventions better. Eventually the steam engine was re created in a way that was much more efficient for a lot less money. • Steam engines were eventually used to power boats giving way to a new form of transportation. Why is this such a big deal?
• Eventually machines were built that would go over the ground and crush the dirt and rocks and smooth out the surface lawing down a smooth layer of first rock. These will become what? ? ? • Private investors will see this as a gold mine and jump on board quickly creating those all over Great Britain.
The Railway Age Begins • Steam driven machinery will become the latest rave of the time. • People will want to transport large amounts of goods over land the need to a steam engine locomotive will emerge. • People will emerge to compete to create the best engines of the time but The Rocket will come out on top!
4 Major Effects of Railroad in Great Britain • 1. Created industrial growth by creating a cheap method to transport goods and resources. • 2. Created hundreds of thousands of new jobs for railroad workers and miners. • 3. Railroad boosted England's agriculture. Industry and fishing industry. • 4. It made travel easier which spread out the countries population and mad it where people could take distant city jobs.
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