The Basics of Speech Outlines Your outline may
The Basics of Speech
Outlines • Your outline may vary depending on the type of speech you are giving. • Basic Outline: ▫ Introduction ▫ Body ▫ Conclusion
• Detailed Speech Outline: ▫ Follows same pattern, but with subparts. ▫ Often used as a script.
• Introduction ▫ Greeting and Attention Gatherer ▫ Thesis Statement ▫ Summary ▫ Important Question • Body ▫ Transition ▫ Main Points • Conclusion ▫ Transition ▫ Paraphrase Main Point ▫ Closing Statement
Elements to Conquer: • Eye Contact ▫ Commands attention ▫ You are in control when you are relaxed!
• Enthusiasm ▫ ▫ Prepare!!! Practice out loud…in front of the mirror. Be consumed with the message. Conveys meaning Humor and interesting stories make the audience like you.
• Distractions: ▫ “and uh”, “ok”, “Ya know”, “um”, etc. ▫ Leaning on the podium, twirling hair, rocking back and forth, etc. ▫ Be organized! ▫ Have a good outline.
• Clarity ▫ Vocal quality ▫ Diction-pronouncing words clearly
The Speaker-What do we see? • What does the audience see? • Poise ▫ The quality of being at ease and in control of yourself at all times. ▫ The person who can control himself can control an audience of any size.
• Gestures ▫ Enhance descriptions, points of emphasis, give direction ▫ Be ware of the approach, timing, and size!
• Facial Expressions ▫ Gives meaning to your speech ▫ Shows your attitude and feelings ▫ Relax!
• Deportment: ▫ ▫ Your speech begins before the first word. How do you enter the situation? Maintain control and dignity Dress for success.
The Speaker-What do we hear? • Diction and Clarity ▫ Be understood • Vocal Quality ▫ Breathe ▫ Watch out for… �Tone and pitch �Rate
• Vocal variety has changes in volume, pitch, pace, rhythm, and pause. • Use of Language ▫ Avoid: �Slang �Pronouns �Contractions ▫ Be clear.
The Presentation • Clarity is developed in your outline. ▫ ▫ Time sequence Topical relationship Cause and Effect Problem Solution Outline
• Verbal Clarity ▫ ▫ ▫ What words do you use? Summaries Repetition Keep ideas fresh! Rhetorical Questons
• Transitions ▫ Your road sign to the audience. ▫ Simple is better. ▫ No new info
• Examples: ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ Furthermore, meanwhile, however, in conclusion Now we can see, let’s look at, similar example Ask a question Flashback Point by point Pausing Physical movement Personal story
• Transition Mistakes ▫ Not using transitions ▫ Too short of transitions ▫ Using the same transitions
Support • Helps to prove, illustrate, add interest, and organize your speech. • Stories ▫ Add interest and empathy ▫ Humor, examples, narratives
• Statistics ▫ Prove ideas and theories ▫ Be sure to include: �Size of samples �Date of collection �The source ▫ Visualization also help
• Quotation and Testimonials ▫ Be aware of the context of the statement ▫ Is the person qualified.
• Definitions ▫ Dictionary definition ▫ Specialized meaning for an argument ▫ When are arguments are closely reasoned it’s important to have the definitions.
• Analogy ▫ Comparison of a familiar thing with an unfamiliar thing. �Like things: Success there, could mean success here. (Argumentative Proof) �Unlike things: This class is like a zoo. (Clarify and Organize)
• Citation of Evidence ▫ Very important in a speech. �Source, Date, Author �Polls-sample size, who conducted the study? ▫ Internet �Is the site dependable?
Speech Organizers • Helps the audience hold it all together. • Alliterations ▫ All your main points start with the same letter. • Acrostics ▫ Same idea, but spells a word.
• Metaphors ▫ An item “is” another thing. • Analogies ▫ Comparison ▫ Use the word “like” ▫ Uses common things to explain uncommon things.
Speech 1: Informative
How to Choose a Topic • Something you know about • Something you care about • Something the audience will care about ▫ Something for the WHOLE audience
• • Not too broad of a topic Avoid topics we already know about Avoid complex topics Make sure it isn’t persuasive
Ideas • A famous person ▫ Politician, athlete, actor, etc. • An animal • A country • A diseases ▫ Diabetes, cancer, etc. • A famous landmark ▫ London Bridge, Statue of Liberty, Eiffel Tower, etc.
• A company ▫ Apple, Coke, Walmart, etc. • An Issue in the world ▫ Childhood obesity, pollution, etc.
• Share 3 things about yourself on the following topic: ▫ “When I was young” • One thing you share must be a lie. • The audience has to figure out which one is the lie.
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