The Balkans in 1878 The Balkan Wars 1912

The Balkans in 1878

The Balkan Wars: 1912 -1913

The Balkans in 1914

The Wrong Turn that led to THE GREAT WAR (1914) Who was Franz Ferdinand? Gavrilo Princip was a member of the nationalist group Young Bosnians, as well as “The Black Hand, ” a secret society dedicated to Serbian self-government. BANG! Princip fir ed two shots int o the car killing Archduke Ferdinan d and his wife S ophie. • June 28, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, visited one of the far-flung provinces of his empire, Bosnia.

MANIA • In five different groups, you will receive information on one of the causes of World War One. As a group, one member of your group will read the information and all of you will record the information on your paper. Each group will have the following: • Illustrators • Presenters

What are the causes of World War I?

Militarism Total Defense Expenditures for the Great Powers [Ger. , A-H, It. , Fr. , Br. , Rus. ] in millions of £s. 1870 1880 1890 1900 1914 94 130 154 268 289 398 1910 -1914 Increase in Defense Expenditures France 10% Britain 13% Russia 39% Germany 73%

Alliances Triple Entente: Triple Alliance:

Two Armed Camps Allied Powers: Central Powers:

Nationalism The “Powder Keg” of Europe

Imperialism

The “Spark”

The Assassination: Sarajevo

The Assassin: Gavrilo Princip

• What do you think the cartoonist is trying to suggest to the American public? • Based on the MANIA activity, who do you think is most responsible for the outbreak of WWI? Support your answer citing specific facts, details, and evidence.

Which cause is the biggest factor in starting World War I?

THE GREAT WAR THE WAR TO END ALL WARS THE WAR TO MAKE THE WORLD SAFE FOR DEMOCRACY

A Multi-Front War

The Western Front

Trench Warfare “No Man’s Land”

War of Attrition • Wearing down the enemy of its resources and morale in order to win

What was the Schlieffen Plan and why did it fail? • Germans plan for victory – to defeat France in 6 weeks by invading through neutral Belgium and hold off Russia for six months

No Man’s Land • Area separating enemy trenches – area where most of the fighting took place

Stalemate • Deadlock – situation in which neither opponent can move further

TOTAL WAR • War in which entire civilian population of the belligerent (warring) countries mobilize for winning the war Ex: factories, selling bonds, rationing of food, etc. USED PROPAGANDA TO PROMOTE THE WAR EFFORT

Poison Gas Machine Gun

Poison Gas Attacks: WWI

French Renault Tank

British Tank at Ypres

U-Boats

The Airplane “Squadron Over the Brenta” Max Edler von Poosch, 1917

The Flying Aces of World War I Eddie Rickenbacher, US Francesco Barraco, It. Eddie “Mick” Mannoch, Br. Willy Coppens de Holthust, Belg. Rene Pauk Fonck, Fr. Manfred von Richtoffen, Ger. [The “Red Baron”]

Looking for the “Red Baron? ”

The Zeppelin

Flame Throwers Grenade Launchers

Russia Killed Wounded 1, 700, 000 4, 950, 000 Russia experiences two revolutions in 1917… 1) March: Revolution to remove the Tsar. 2) November: Communist Revolution …before signing the Treaty of Brest. Litovsk with Germany to end their involvement in the war. Total Casualties 9, 150, 000

Recruitment Posters

Financing the War

German Poster Think of Your Children!

French Women Factory Workers

German Women Factory Workers

America Joins the Allies

The Sinking of the Lusitania

Allied Ships Sunk by U-Boats

The Zimmerman Telegram

USA enters the Great War The United States declared war on the German Empire on April 6, 1917, adding major contributions in terms of military supplies, raw materials, and funding.