THE BACK LATERAL SCAPULA SUPERIOR GLENOID TRIANGULAR BONE

THE BACK

LATERAL/ SCAPULA SUPERIOR GLENOID • TRIANGULAR BONE MEDIAL • BORDERS • ANGLES • SPINE – ACROMION • ARTICULATIONS – CLAVICLE – HUMERUS INFERIOR LATERAL

SKIN AND SUPERFICIAL FASCIA • THIN SKIN • RELATIVELY THIN SUPERFICIAL FASCIA • POSTERIOR CUTANEOUS NERVES

SUPERFICIAL MUSCLES • UPPER EXTREMITY MUSCLES • TRAPEZIUS • LATISSIMUS DORSI Functional anatomy

SUPERFICIAL MUSCLES (Cont. ) • RHOMBOID (MAJOR AND MINOR) • LEVATOR SCAPULAE Functional anatomy

INTERMEDIATE MUSCLES • SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR • SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR Functional anatomy

DEEP MUSCLES • SPLENIUS MUSCLES Functional anatomy

THORACOLUMBAR FASCIA • 2 OR 3 LAYERS • THORACIC LEVELS: SUPERFICIAL – TWO LAYERS • LUMBAR LEVELS: – 3 LAYERS Functional anatomy DEEP

SACROSPINALIS (ERECTOR SPINAE) GROUP • COMMON ORIGIN: • ILIOCOSTALIS MUSCLES • LONGISSIMUS MUSCLES • SPINIALIS MUSCLES • ACTIONS: • INNERVATION: Functional anatomy

SEMISPINALIS MUSCLES • SEMISPINALIS THORACICIS • SEMISPINALIS CERVICIS • SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS Functional anatomy

SMALL, DEEP MUSCLES OF THE BACK • MULTIFIDUS • ROTATORES • INTERSPINALIS (NOT SEEN) • INTERTRANSVERSARII • LEVATOR COSTARUM Functional anatomy

SUBOCCIPITAL TRIANGLE • DEEP TO SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS • BOUNDARIES: – RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MAJ. – SUPERIOR OBLIQUOUS CAPITIS – INFERIOR OBLIQUOUS CAPITIS Functional anatomy

SUBOCCIPITAL TRIANGLE MUSCLES: • SUP. OBLIQUUS CAPITIS • INF. OBLIQUUS CAPITIS • RECTUS CAPITIS POST. MAJ. • RECTUS CAPITIS POST. MIN. Functional anatomy

SUBOCCIPITAL TRIANGLE ARTERIES • VERTEBRAL ARTERY • OCCIPITAL ARTERY (NOT SHOWN) Functional anatomy

SUBOCCIPITAL TRIANGLE NERVES • SUBOCCIPITAL NERVE • GREATER OCCIPITAL NERVE Functional anatomy

ARTHROLOGY

JOINTS OF THE VERTEBRAL BODIES • INTERVERTEBRAL DISC – ANULUS FIBROSUS – NUCLEUS PULPOSUS • SYNDESMOSES – ANT. LONG. LIG. – POST. LONG. LIG. Functional anatomy

JOINTS OF THE VERTEBRAL ARCH: • ZYGAPOPHYSEAL JOINTS – GLIDING JOINT • SYNDESMOSES – – LIGAMENTUM FLAVA INTERSPINUS LIG. SUPRASPINOUS LIG. INTERTRANSVERSUS LIG. (NOT SHOWN) Functional anatomy

ATLANTO-AXIAL JOINTS • PIVOT JOINT BETWEEN DENS AND ANTERIOR ARCH OF C 1 – SYNOVIAL JOINT – UNIAXIAL (PIVOT) – SHAKING HEAD “NO” Functional anatomy

ATLANTO-OCCIPITAL JOINTS • OCCIPITAL CONDYLES & C 1 – SYNOVIAL JOINT – OCCIPITAL BONE AND ATLAS – UNIAXIAL – SHAKING HEAD “YES” Functional anatomy