The Atkinson Shiffrin Modal Model of Memory Working

The Atkinson & Shiffrin Modal Model of Memory

Working Memory A Functional Model of Phonological Short-term Memory

Five major systems of human memory (Schacter & Tulving, 1994) System Other terms Subsystems Retrieval 1. Procedural Nondeclarative Motor skills Cognitive skills Simple conditioning Simple associative learning Implicit 2. Perceptual representation (PRS) Nondeclarative Visual word form Auditory word form Structural description Implicit 3. Semantic Generic Factual Knowledge Spatial Relational Implicit 4. Primary Working Short-term Visual Auditory Explicit 5. Episodic Personal Autobiographical Event memory Explicit

Serial Position Effect

일화기억(episodic memory) • 새로운 과제를 학습하는 능력 / 지연회상능력 / 재인 능력을 평가 ① 새로운 과제를 학습하는 능력 – 언어적 검사 • • Korean- California Verbal Learning Test (K-CVLT) Rey-Kim Auditory Verbal Learning Test Seoul Verbal Learning Test (SVLT) Verbal Paired Associate Learning (WMS) – 시각적 검사: 모양 & 위치 • • • Korean-Brief Visuospatial Test (K-BVMT) Location Learning Test Visual Paired Associate Learning (WMS)

일화기억(episodic memory) • 새로운 과제를 학습하는 능력 / 지연회상능력 / 재인 능력을 평가 ② 지연회상능력 – 언어적 검사 • – Logical Memory Test 시각적 검사: 모양 & 위치 • • • Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (RCFT) Benton Visual Retention Test (BVMT) Visual Reproduction (WMS) ③ 재인능력 – Recognition Memory Test

일화기억(episodic memory) • 새로운 과제를 학습하는 능력 / 지연회상능력 / 재인 능력을 평가 ② 지연회상능력 – 언어적 검사 • – Logical Memory Test 시각적 검사: 모양 & 위치 • • • Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (RCFT) Benton Visual Retention Test (BVMT) Visual Reproduction (WMS) ③ 재인능력 – Recognition Memory Test

AMI • Section A: Childhood – Part 1: Period before school – Part 2: First School (5 -11 yrs) – Part 3: Main secondary or high school (11 -18 yrs. ) • Section B: Early Adult Life – Part 4: Career – Part 5: Wedding – Part 6: Children and meeting someone new in the subject’s twenties • Section C: Recent Life – Part 7: Recent hospital or institution – Part 8: Previous hospital or institution – Part 9: Last Christmas or Thanksgiving Ø Scoring: Personal semantic (63) & Autobiographical incidents (27)

JJJ

JJJ

SVLT: JJJ

• J. J. J. – Seoul Verbal Learning Test • 3 trials: 4+3+4=11(<1%ile), Delayed recall: 0 • Recognition (<1%ile): true positive=5, false positive=4 • primacy effect recency effect – Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test: • • Copy: 4/36 (<16%ile) Immediate recall: 0. 5/36 (<1%ile) Delayed recall: 0/36 (<1%ile) Recognition: 14/24 (<1%ile) – true positive: 5 false positive: 3

YMJ

YMJ

SVLT: YMJ

• Y. M. J. – Seoul Verbal Learning Test • 3 trials: 0+7+6=13 (46%ile), Delayed recall: 0 (<1%ile) • Recognition: 19(TP+TN)/24 (36%ile) – true positive=10, false positive=3 (related) – Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test: • Copy: 23/36 (11. 5%ile), Immediate recall: 1/36 (<1%ile) • Delayed recall: 2. 5/36 (<1%ile) • Recognition: 19/24 (64%ile) – true positive: 9, false positive: 2

CASE 3 • P. C. S. (20/M, R, 전문대졸, 회사원) – Left mesial temporal lobe epilepsy – seizure duration: 11 yrs – Wada: Language-Left dominance Memory-Right dominance – MRI: – SPECT: ictal vs interictal, subtraction – Three dimensional surface rendering

PCS

PCS

PCS

PCS

• P. C. S. 검사결과 – Digit Span • verbal forward, backward: 11/12 (96%ile), 9/12 (82%ile) • Visual forward, backward: 9/14 (52%ile), 10/12 (78%ile) – K-CVLT • • • List A Trials 1 -5 total: 46/80 (SS=47) Slope: +1 (-1 SD), Percent recall consistency: 71% (-1 SD) List A long-delay free recall: 10/16 (-1 SD) Semantic cluster ratio: . 7 (-2 SD) Serial cluster ratio: 6. 6 (+3 SD) Primacy effect: 24% (-1 SD), Recency effect: 33% (+1 SD)

• P. C. S. 검사결과 – Logical Memory Test • Immediate recall: 12/50 (3%ile) • Delayed recall: 8/50 (5%ile) – Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test: • • Copy: 34/36 (>16%ile) Immediate recall: 29/36 (84%ile) Delayed recall: 26/36 (58%ile) Recognition: 20/24 (14%ile)