THE ARCHETYPAL HERO Archetypal hero Appears literacies in

THE ARCHETYPAL HERO

Archetypal hero Appears literacies in all cultures and

All societies have similar stories because: We all need heroes to emulate To give us hope

A hero shows us the path to success

Heroes give hope for The little guy All of us The future

Jung and Campbell § Carl Jung and Joseph Campbell developed the idea of the archetype Joseph Campbell Carl Jung

JUNG A Swiss psychiatrist and psychotherapist who founded analytical psychology. He developed the concepts of introversion, extroversion &archetypes. His work has been influential in psychiatry and in the study of philosophy, archeology, anthropology, and literature.

Joseph Campbell Was an American Mythologist, writer and lecturer, best known for his work in comparative mythology and comparative religion.

Archetype: �A recurring pattern of images, situations, or symbols found in the mythology, religion, art, and dreams of cultures around the world

VOGLER ARCHETYPES

Who is Christopher Vogler? A writer who focused on theory that most stories can be boiled down to a series of narrative structures and character archetypes, described through mythological allegory. His theory is that all successful films adhere to these principles. He based much of his writing on Joseph Campbell’s book A Hero with a Thousand Faces

8 major character archetypes 1. 2. 3. 4. Hero- someone who is willing to sacrifice his own needs on behalf of others Mentor- all the characters who teach and protect heroes and give them gifts Threshold Guardian- a menacing face to the hero, but if understood, they can be overcome Herald- a force that brings a new challenge to the hero

8 continued… 1. 2. 3. 4. Shapeshifter- characters who change constantly from the hero's point of view Shadow- character who represents the energy of the dark side Ally- someone who travels with the hero through the journey, serving variety of functions Trickster- embodies the energies of mischief and desire for change

Then he focuses on 12 stages of a hero’s journey (1 -4) 1. 2. 3. 4. The Ordinary World- the hero is seen in his/her everyday life The Call to Adventure- the initiating incident of the story Refusal of the Call- the hero experiences some hesitation to answer the call Meeting with the Mentor- the hero gains the supplies, knowledge, and confidence needed to commence the adventure

5 -8 1. 2. 3. 4. Crossing the First Threshold- the hero commits wholeheartedly to the adventure Tests, Allies and Enemies- the hero explores the special world, faces trial, and makes friends and enemies Approach to the Innermost Cave- the hero nears the center of the story and the special world The Ordeal- the hero faces the greatest challenge yet and experiences death and rebirth

9 -12 1. 2. 3. 4. Reward- the hero experiences the consequences of surviving death The Road Back- the hero returns to the ordinary world or continues to an ultimate destination The Resurrection- the hero experiences a final moment of death and rebirth so they are pure when they reenter the ordinary world Return with the Elixir- the hero returns with something to improve the ordinary world

WILLING, ACTIVE, GUNG-HO HEROES

Unwilling Heroes

Anti-heroes

Tragic Heroes

Group oriented heroes

Loner heroes

Catalyst Heroes

Campbell’s Hero Archetype Three parts Separation/Departure Journey/Initiation Fall and Rebirth

Campbell’s Hero Archetype Separation/Departure

Unusual Birth Often in danger or born into royalty

Call to adventure �How does the hero find out about the quest?

Guide/mentor Helps the hero understand his or her life situation and gives special training

Talisman/ Magic Special Weapon Only the hero can wield his weapon

Companions Who is with the hero on the journey?

Campbell’s Hero Archetype Journey/Initiation

Crossing the threshold � Leaves familiar world and moves into new unfamiliar circumstance

Threshold guardians Characters that try to prevent hero from crossing over into the unfamiliar circumstance.

Journey/ Deed �Where do the hero’s deed take him? �Spiritual or Physical?

�Battles Brother Battle with a relative or close friend.

Meeting with the Goddess � Hero meets with someone with special beauty and power. � May marry

Abduction �Hero or someone close to hero is kidnapped

Dragon Battles monster or inner demon

Ritual Death Hero is injured and thought to be dead

Atonement With Father Hero either redeems father’s evil deeds or reconciles with father over wrongs done by the hero

Campbell’s Hero Archetype Fall and Rebirth

Crossing the Threshold The hero returns home

Master of Two Worlds and Freedom to live Problem is solved Hero is rewarded spiritually at the end of his life