The Appendicular Skeleton Bio 137 Anatomy And Physiology

The Appendicular Skeleton Bio 137 Anatomy And Physiology I

The Human Skeleton • Axial Portion – Skull – Hyoid – Thoracic cage – Vertebral column • Appendicular Portion – Pectoral Girdle – Upper extremities – Pelvic girdle – Lower extremities

Things to know when studying bones • SCIENTIFIC NAME • AXIAL OR APPENDICULAR SKELETON • CLASSIFICATION BY SHAPE • # IN SKELETON • SPECIAL FEATURES / ARTICULATIONS • ANY SPECIAL FUNCTIONS

You will need to be able to distinguish right from left in the following bones: Scapula Humerus Femur Tibia

THE APPENDICULAR SKELETON PECTORAL GIRDLE UPPER LIMBS PELVIC GIRDLE LOWER LIMBS

THE APPENDICULAR SKELETON • PECTORAL GIRDLE – CLAVICLE (2) – SCAPULA (2) • UPPER LIMBS – HUMERUS (2) – RADIUS (2) – ULNA (2) – CARPAL (16) – METACARPAL (10) – PHALANX (28) • PELVIC GIRDLE – COXAL (2) • LOWER LIMBS – FEMUR (2) – TIBIA (2) – FIBULA (2) – PATELLA (2) – TARSAL (14) – METATARSAL (10) – PHALANX (28)

PECTORAL GIRDLE • 2 CLAVICLES • 2 SCAPULAE • CLAVICLES ARTICULATE WITH THE MANUBRIUM OF THE STERNUM AND THE ACROMION PROCESS OF THE SCAPULA

Pectoral Girdle 9

Scapula: Anterior View ACROMION PROCESS CORACOID PROCESS GLENOID FOSSA RIGHT

Scapula: Dorsal View 12

Scapula: Posterior View CORACOID PROCESS SPINE RIGHT ACROMION PROCESS GLENOID FOSSA

UPPER EXTREMITIES 2 HUMERUS 2 RADIUS 2 ULNA 16 CARPALS 10 METACARPALS 28 PHALANGES

Right Arm

UPPER ARM BONE: HUMERUS • Remember anatomical position when learning distinguishing features. • Shoulder Joint: Head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula

Humerus 17

Greater tubercle ANTERIOR Head Right Arm Greater tubercle POSTERIOR Deltoid tuberosity Coronoid fossa Capitulum Medial epicondyle Trochlea Olecranon fossa

FOREARM BONES: RADIUS AND ULNA • Radius is thumb side (lateral) • Ulna is pinky side (medial)

Radius 20

RIGHT ARM: POSTERIOR VIEW RIGHT ARM: ANTERIOR VIEW RADIUS ULNA

WRIST, HAND, AND FINGER BONES: • PER HAND: • 8 CARPALS • 5 METACARPALS • 14 PHALANGES

Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges 24

RIGHT HAND: ANTERIOR VIEW Figure 07. 45 a

THE PELVIC GIRDLE • 2 COXAL BONES • ARTICULATE WITH EACH OTHER (ANTERIOR) AND WITH SACRUM (POSTERIOR)

Pelvic Girdle 27

Coxal Bones: Hipbones • Composed of ilium, ischium and pubis – 3 bones fuse in the region of the acetabulum • Head of femur sits here – Pubic bones join at anteriorly at symphysis pubis • Fibrocartilage • Forms the Pubic arch – Which is larger, males or females?

ILIAC CREST ACETABULUM OBTURATOR FORAMEN Medial Right Lateral Right

The Pelvis 32

LOWER EXTREMITIES 2 FEMUR 2 PATELLA 2 TIBIA 2 FIBULA 14 TARSAL 10 METATARSAL 28 PHALANGES

THIGH BONE: FEMUR Be able to distinguish right from left.

Femur 35

Right Anterior Right Posterior

THE PATELLA A Sesamoid Bone In The Quadriceps Tendon

LOWER LEG BONES: TIBIA & FIBULA • TIBIA IS THE SHINBONE – MEDIAL • BE ABLE TO DISTINGUISH RIGHT FROM LEFT (TIBIA) • FIBULA IS LATERAL

Tibia 40

Right

RIGHT LEG: ANTERIOR VIEW HEAD OF FIBULA TIBIAL TUBEROSITY FIBULA TIBIA LATERAL MALLEOLUS MEDIAL MALLEOLUS

ANKLE, FOOT, AND PER FOOT: TOES 7 TARSALS 5 METATARSALS 14 PHALANGES

REVIEW OF APPENDICULAR BONES

Bone Identification Practice

Bone Identification Practice

Bone Identification Practice

Bone Identification Practice RIGHT OR LEFT?