The Abolitionist Movement Frederick Douglass He was the
The Abolitionist Movement
Frederick Douglass He was the best known African-American Abolitionist. He was a self educated former slave who purchased his freedom, and was a skilled orator (speaker). He published an Abolitionist newspaper called The North Star.
William Lloyd Garrison He was an outspoken member of the Abolitionist Movement, who like Frederick Douglass published an anti-slavery newspaper called The Liberator. He helped form the American Anti-Slavery Society to end slavery in America.
Harriet Tubman She was the best known conductor, or leader of escaped slaves traveling north to freedom, on the Underground Railroad. She guided hundreds to freedom, and was given the nickname “Moses, ” after the Biblical figure who lead the Israelites to freedom out of Egypt.
Harriet Beecher Stowe Her best-selling novel, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, opened the eyes of millions of Americans to the cruelty and injustices of slavery. Following its publication, millions of more Americans began to speak out against the evils of slavery.
Division Among Abolitionists All abolitionists believed slavery must be ended, but there were disagreements among them on three major points.
Disagreement #1: The speed at which slavery in America should be ended. emancipate / emancipation: to free Abolitionists argued over gradual (slow, step by step emancipation over time) or immediate (all at once) emancipation. gradual emancipation OR immediate emancipation
Disagreement #2: Once slaves were emancipated, where should they live? send them “back to Africa” have them remain here in America
Disagreement #3: By what means should slavery be ended? Was a peaceful solution the best method, or was violence an acceptable means to ending slavery? “Radical” Abolitionists They were abolitionists who believed in violence (often in the name of God)as a means to end slavery. This native of Torrington, CT was the most famous “radical abolitionist. His attempted slave revolt at Harper’s Ferry, Virginia, in 1859, was a major spark that ignited the Civil War. John Brown
If you were an abolitionist, would you support… gradual emancipation or send freed Africans back to or Africa peaceful abolition or immediate emancipation allow freed Africans to live in America radical (violent) abolition
In the 1850 s, the anger and division between the North and South, abolitionists and slave owners, erupted into violence
In 1856, on the floor of the United States Senate, …. . an abolitionist Senator from Massachusetts, Charles Sumner, and attacked and beaten with a cane by pro-slavery Senator, Preston Brooks from South Carolina.
In the 1850 s, the “Kansas Territory” was ready to become a state. The big question was … would Kansas be a “free” state like the North, or a “slave”state like the South?
It was decided voters in Kansas would decide if it was to be a “free” or “slave” state. “popular sovereignty” Means people vote for what they want, and the majority opinion wins. People in Kansas would vote slavery “yes” or “no”? When it was decided a vote count would determine if Kansas was “free” or “slave, ” thousands flooded into Kansas from other free or slave states. This swarm of pro and anti slavery people lead to ……. .
“Bloody or Bleeding” Kansas Hundreds were killed in the 1850 s in Kansas over the issue of slavery.
In October, 1859, in the small town of Harper’s Ferry, Virginia … The radical abolitionist, John Brown, and 20 followers, tried to raid an arsenal (weapons warehouse) to steal guns to arm slaves and begin a slave revolt.
Marines under the command of a Virginia Colonel named Robert E. Lee, responded to, and stopped, the raid. Brown and his surviving followers were arrested.
Two years later, Robert E. Lee would later become the commanding General of the Confederate (Southern) Army during the Civil War.
Following his arrest and trial, John Brown was executed by the state of Virginia on December 2, 1859. That morning he wrote… “I John Brown am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty, land: will never be purged away; but with Blood. ” http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/John_Brown%27 s_r aid_on_Harpers_Ferry
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