The ability to do WORK or transfer heat

The ability to do WORK or transfer heat and to cause change. Energy can’t be created nor destroyed. THERMAL internal motion of particles NUCLEAR ENERGY motion of objects changes in the nucleus ELECTRICAL CHEMICAL bonding of atoms MECHANICAL joules (J) motion of electric charges

ENERGY IS ALL AROUND US! You can see energy as light from the sun or a lamp. You can feel it as heat warms things up. You can see motion energy every time you move.

TYPES OF ENERGY Potential Kinetic

Potential Energy (PE) stored energy depends on position or configuration of an object • Which boulder has greater gravitational PE? • What other ways can an object store energy?

Define Potential Energy Potential energy is energy due to position or stored energy. Potential energy is also called gravitational potential energy.

Examples of potential energy By stretching a rubber band, you give it potential energy. A vase on a shelf has stored potential energy. A football being held by a quarterback has potential energy until it is thrown and it turns into kinetic energy.

Potential Energy gaspumpheaven. com

Kinetic Energy (KE) energy in the form of motion depends on mass and velocity • Which has the most KE? 80 km/h truck • Which has the least KE? 50 km/h motorcycle 80 km/h 50 km/h 80 km/h

Define Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. Kinetic energy is measured by how much is work done to put an object in motion or to rest.

Examples of kinetic energy A basketball player has kinetic energy. The movements that she does show the energy that is being displayed while she is moving. When you are running, walking, or jumping, your body is exhibiting kinetic energy.

KINETIC ENERGY Free. Foto. com

Example of something that has both potential and kinetic energy. A waterfall has both kinetic and potential energy. The water at the top of the waterfall has stored potential energy. Once the water leaves the top of the waterfall, the potential energy is changed into kinetic energy.

A HOW DOES ENERGY CHANGE AS YOU SWING? POTENTIAL VS. KINETIC ENERGY SWING B B www. spacestationinfo. com/students-64 -Energy. html

What are the different forms of Energy? Energy has a number of different forms, all of which measure the ability of an object to do work on or change another object. In other words, there are different ways that an object can possess energy.

Forms of Energy Mechanical Thermal Chemical Energy can be transferred, or converted, from one form to another! l Electrical l Electromagnetic l Sound l Nuclear

Energy of Motion (mechanical) Energy can cause motion and create change. Car moving A person Walking A ball bouncing

What is Mechanical Energy? Energy due to a object’s motion (kinetic) or position (potential). The bowling ball has mechanical energy. When the ball strikes the pins, mechanical energy is transferred to the pins!

Examples of Mechanical Energy

What is electrical energy? A form of energy that is produced when electrons move from one place to another. Electrons are particles that are in the space around the nucleus of an atom. The forces of attraction and repulsion make electrons move. 19

What is Electrical Energy? Easily transported through power lines and converted into other forms of energy

What is Electromagnetic Energy? Light energy Includes energy from gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet rays, visible light, infrared rays, microwave and radio bands

Chemical Energy Potential energy stored in chemical bonds. Food, batteries, and fuels such as oil and gasoline are stored chemical energy. Chemical energy is released when substances react and form new substances. What holds atoms in molecules together Can be released by chemical reactions like burning wood Chemical energy can change to: sound light heat electrical motion

What is Chemical Energy? o Energy that is available for release from chemical reactions. Example: The chemical bonds in a matchstick store energy that is transformed into thermal energy when the match is struck.

Examples of Chemical Energy

Thermal (heat) Energy The random motion, or vibration, of atoms in matter The faster the atoms vibrate the more heat energy they have

What is Thermal Energy? Heat energy The heat energy of an object determines how active its atoms are. A hot object is one whose atoms and molecules are excited and show rapid movement. A cooler object's molecules and atoms will show less movement.

Thermal Energy l All objects give off thermal energy l Ice cream melting gains thermal energy

Thermal Energy? Heat energy flows from warmer substances to cooler substances. Heat is transferred from one object to another in three different ways: Conduction Convection Radiation

Nuclear Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom from fission or fusion Holds protons and neutrons together in an atom’s nucleus Powers the sun and nuclear power plants

NUCLEAR ENERGY http: //fusedweb. llnl. gov

What is Sound? Sound is a form of energy produced by a vibration or a back and forth movement of an object. Sound is a wave of vibrations that spread from its source of its matter. The more vibrations the waves have, the more energy, the louder the sound. The faster the vibrations or the frequency, the higher the sound. How high or low a sound is called the pitch.

QUIZ TIME! What form of energy cooks food in a microwave oven? ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY What form of energy is the spinning plate inside of a microwave oven? MECHANICAL ENERGY

QUIZ TIME! Electrical energy is transported to your house through power lines. When you plug an electric fan to a power outlet, electrical energy is transform into what form of energy? MECHANICAL ENERGY

QUIZ TIME! What energy transformation occurs when an electric lamp is turned on? ELECTRICAL ENERGY ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY

What forms of energy are shown below? Mechanical and Thermal Energy (Don’t forget friction)

What form of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy

What forms of energy are shown below? Electrical, Mechanical and Electromagnetic Energy

What form of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy

What form of energy is shown below? Thermal Energy

Draw a flow map showing the flow of energy transformations in a car from starting vehicle to driving. You should have 5 different types of energy.

Energy Transfer Sound t c le l a c ri E Thermal Electrical Chemical Ele Mechanical ctr i ca l Light (Electromagnetic)

FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS ENERGY CAN NOT BE CREATED OR DESTROYED. IT CAN ONLY CHANGE FROM ONE FORM TO ANOTHER.

SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS ANY TIME ENERGY CHANGES FROM ONE FORM TO ANOTHER SOME OF THE ENERGY IS LOST AS HEAT. ENERGY CONVERSIONS ARE NOT 100% EFFICIENT.

ENTROPY THERMODYNAMIC MEASURE OF DISORDER A SYSTEM TENDS TO BECOME DISORDERLY TO MAINTAIN ORDER ENERGY MUST BE USED

ENTROPY TO KEEP YOUR ROOM CLEAN YOU MUST USE ENERGY TO PICK UP AND ORGANIZE TO MAINTAIN A CAR THE OIL MUST BE CHANGED, TUNE UPS, SPARK PLUGS REPLACED, FLUIDS TOPPED OFF OR REPLACED, ETC.