The ABI Advanced Baseline Imager on the GOESR
The ABI (Advanced Baseline Imager) on the GOES-R series Timothy J. Schmit 1, James J. Gurka 2, Mathew M. Gunshor 3, Jun Li 3, and W. Paul Menzel 3 1 NOAA/NESDIS/STAR Advanced Satellite Products Branch (ASPB) 2 3 Introduction The Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) will be the next generation geostationary imager on GOES-R. It is being built by ITT Industries. The spectral bands on ABI can be simulated using various current instruments such as Meteosat-8, AIRS, NAST-I, MODIS, and AVIRIS. Or the bands can be simulated via forward model calculations. ABI -- Advanced Baseline Imager ABI covers the earth approximately five times faster than the current Imager. 2 km Full disk diameter 17. 76 deg 22141 11070 5535 pixels CONUS height 4. 8129 deg 6000 3000 1500 pixels CONUS width 8. 0215 deg 10000 5000 2500 pixels Meso height/width 1. 6043 deg 2000 1000 500 pixels “ 0. 64 m” “ 0. 86 m” “ 1. 38 m” “ 1. 61 m” “ 2. 26 m” “ 3. 9 m” “ 6. 19 m” “ 7. 34 m” “ 8. 5 m” ABI Center MODIS Band m Band Actual GOES “ 9. 61 m” Enhanced “V” Simulated ABI (from MODIS) “ 11. 2 m” “ 10. 35 m” “ 12. 3 m” Enhanced “V”: IR windows Improved spatial resolutions of the ABI over the current GOES Imager is evident. May 25, 2000 “ 13. 3 m” Total Column Ozone Preliminary Total Precipitable Water vapor (TPW) overlay on the 11 µm bright temperature (BT) image (grey shade) from SEVIRI data. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 0. 47 0. 64 0. 865 1. 378 1. 61 2. 25 3. 9 6. 19 6. 95 7. 34 8. 5 9. 61 10. 35 11. 2 12. 3 13. 3 3 1 2 5 6 7 22 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Center m 0. 47 0. 659 0. 865 1. 240 1. 640 2. 130 3. 96 6. 78 7. 34 8. 55 9. 72 11. 0 12. 0 13. 4 ABI Res (Planned) 2 (KM ) Bit Depth 1 10 0. 5 12 1 10 2 14 2 11 2 12 2 12 2 11 Simulating bit-depth is important when using ‘proxy’ datasets. The bit-depth is done by simulating a “raw count” -- 2 n integer values (where n is bit-depth 10, 11, 12, or 14). SEVIRI data from EUMETSAT ABI will improve every product from the current GOES Imager and will introduce a host of new products. Current products include: retrieved Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMVs), Quantitative Precipitation Estimates (QPEs), cloud parameters, clear-sky radiances, Sea Surface Temperature (SST), surface (skin) temperature, detection and characterization of fires, volcanic ash, fog, and cloud-top information. ABI will also provide cloud-top phase/particle size information and improved snow/ice detection, total column ozone, aerosol and smoke detection for air quality monitoring and forecasts. Other new products include vegetation monitoring and upper-level SO 2 detection. In addition, the ABI will be used to generate “pseudo-soundings” to continue the sounder legacy products such as Total Precipitable Water (TPW) and atmospheric stability parameters. ABI covers the earth approximately five ABI times faster than the current Imager. Current Imager Aerosol Detection (including Smoke and Dust) Geomagnetic Field Aerosol Particle Size Suspended Matter / Optical Depth Volcanic Ash * Aircraft Icing Threat Cloud Imagery: Coastal Cloud & Moisture Imagery Cloud Layers / Heights & Thickness * Cloud Ice Water Path * Cloud Liquid Water Probability of Rainfall Potential Rainfall Rate/QPE Cloud Particle Size Distribution Cloud Top Phase Cloud Top Height * Cloud Top Pressure * Cloud Top Temperature * Cloud Type Convection Initiation Enhanced "V"/Overshooting Top Detection ABI mock spectral response are available via FTP: ftp: //ftp. ssec. wisc. edu/ABI/SRF/ Downward Solar Insolation: Surface Reflected Solar Insolation: TOA Upward Longwave Radiation *: Surface & TOA Ozone Total * SO 2 Detection * Hurricane Intensity Low Cloud & Fog Lightning Detection Flood / Standing Water Land Surface (Skin) Temperature * Turbulence Visibility Currents Sea & Lake Ice / Age Sea & Lake Ice / Concentration Sea & Lake Ice / Extent & Edge Sea & Lake Ice / Motion Ice Cover / Landlocked Snow Cover Snow Depth Sea Surface Temps Energetic Heavy Ions Mag Electrons & Protons: Low Energy Mag Electrons & Protons: Med & High Energy Solar & Galactic Protons Solar Flux: EUV Solar Flux: X-Ray Solar Imagery: extreme UV/X-Ray * = Products degraded from original GOES-R requirements Continuity of GOES Legacy Sounder Products from ABI SEISS – Space Env. In-Situ Suite EXIS – EUV and X -Ray Irradiance Sensors More Information Surface Albedo Surface Emissivity * Vegetation Fraction: Green Vegetation Index Legacy Atm. Vertical Moisture Profile * Legacy Atm. Vertical Temperature Profile * Derived Stability Indices * Total Precipitable Water * Total Water Content * Clear Sky Masks Radiances * Absorbed Shortwave Radiation: Surface Downward Longwave Radiation: Surface Derived Motion Winds * Fire / Hot Spot Characterization ABI – Advanced Baseline Imager ABI improves over the current imager by a factor of 3 spectrally, a factor or 4 spatially and a factor of 5 temporally. The relative vertical number of independent pieces of information is shown. The moisture content is similar between the ABI and the current GOES Sounder. The Sounder does show more temperature information than the ABI. This information content analysis does not account for any spatial or temporal differences. GOES-R Observational Requirements: Cloud Optical Depth Approximate number of ABI pixels 1 km “ 0. 47 m” “ 6. 95 m” “Information Volume” 0. 5 km Summary GLM – Geostationary Lightning Mapper (e. g. ; now no HES) Magnetometer SUVI – Solar extreme Ultra. Violet Imager A majority of the GOES-R products now shall be derived from ABI data. Figure courtesy of C. Schmidt, CIMSS The ABI will improve upon the current GOES Imager with more spectral bands, faster imaging, higher spatial resolution, better navigation, and more accurate calibration. The ABI expands from five spectral bands on the current GOES imagers to a total of 16 spectral bands in the visible, near-infrared and infrared spectral regions. There will be an increase of the coverage rate leading to full disk scans at least every 15 minutes. ABI spatial resolution will be 2 km for the infrared bands and 0. 5 km for the 0. 64 um visible band. Similar to MET-8 processing, ABI radiance data will be remapped into a constant projection before dissemination. Input Information NOAA/NESDIS GOES-R Program Office Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS) Figure courtesy of ITT Industries While there are differences, there also many similarities for the spectral bands on MET-8 and the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI). Both have many more bands than the current operational GOES imagers. UW-Madison The ABI will have sixteen spectral bands. These are similar to the five bands on the current GOES 8/11 Imagers, plus the 13. 3 m band (similar to those on GOES-12+). Ten additional bands in the visible, near-infrared and infrared spectral regions were added. The next generation geostationary satellite series will offer a continuation of current products and services and enable improved and new capabilities. The Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) on the GOES-R series has been designed to meet user requirements covering a wide range of phenomena. As with the current GOES Imager, the ABI will be used for a wide range of weather, oceanographic, climate, and environmental applications. Weighting Functions Madison, WI T. J. Schmit, M. M. Gunshor, W. Paul Menzel, Jun Li, Scott Bachmeier, James J. Gurka, 2005: Introducing the Next-generation Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) on GOES-R, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , Vol 8, August, pp. 1079 -1096. ABI research: http: //cimss. ssec. wisc. edu/goes/abi/ NOAA GOES-R pages: http: //osd. goes. noaa. gov/ 5 th GOES Users Conference: http: //www. osd. noaa. gov/announcement/index. htm Hurricane Isabel on September 18, 2003 from MODIS May 2007
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