The 4 Metaparadigm Concepts According to Katharine Kolcaba

The 4 Metaparadigm Concepts According to Katharine Kolcaba Molina Allen Rebecca Beach Sara Schafer Heather Torre Ashley Yotkois

Nurse Environment � Entity who provides individualized, goal The patient’s surroundings that the nurse alters to maximize external sensory comfort oriented care to the patient to maximize their comfort in all related forms and contexts (March & Mc. Cormack, 2009) Pulling curtain to maintain dignity and The nurse provides interventions that privacy promote comfort (Kolcaba, 2001) Comfortable bedding Similar to nursing process: Access to clean food and water Assessment of comfort needs (continuous) Lighting Needs are developed and implemented Temperature into a plan of care Calming, quiet atmosphere If the patient needs are met, the patient Private room experiences comfort in three forms: relief, ease, and transcendence “When comfort care is the framework for “The nurse is engaged, interprets the needs of nursing practice, each intervention is important if it enhances comfort” (Kolcaba, the patient, and envisions ways to enhance comfort” (Kolcaba, 1995).

Person Patient, family, or community requiring health care Basic needs for continuity of care Accommodations for family Cultural practices encouraged Religious service/prayer Assurance of life purpose Physical comfort Pain management Each person is affected differently by a stimulus (Kolcaba, 1994). “. . . successful comfort care theoretically strengthens the patient” (Kolcaba, 1995). Health Optimal functioning of the patient, group, or family This is a personal perception of comfort and well-being The nurse should approach a patient’s health holistically, taking into account each context of an individual Rehabilitation & comprehensive discharge planning Progression to previous baseline or improved level “Comfort is a holistic state that captures many of the simultaneous and interrelated aspects of positive human experience” (Kolcaba & Steiner, 2000).