The 3 Main Facets of Science The 3

The 3 Main Facets of Science

The 3 Main Facets of Science

Urania William Blake Artists and Science ©

UK Science in the Balance?

The 3 Main Facets of Science

Jx. Jy – Jy. Jx = i. Jz

Chemistry – all of it - in 30 seconds as easy as 0, 1, 2, 3 ©

Research Strategy ©

We have had the three Es ©

Now we have three Cs ©

3 Crises ©

Crisis 1 The public appreciate what science has done for them in the past, ©

Not so confident that wise decisions are being made at the SET/society interface for the future ©

Science and the Media ©

vega presentation. ppt

Nanoscience NN & Nanotechnology

Insulated conducting wire Ray Whitby and Kuang Wen Hsu Sussex NNC

Molecular Shock Absorbers ©

I have woken up in the 21 st Century to discover that I have been doing nanotechnology all my life

Crisis 2 Are we on Crisis, the verge of losing Crisis, Crisis 50%(? ) of our university science departments ©

The NSF report that highlighted the relatively good level of well qualified 26 -30 year old scientists must not be taken as an argument for complacency because A-level Chem UG Chem In 1994 40, 000 4000 In 2002 40, 000 3000

Lott

Fallout from the Research Assessment Exercise and too low unit of resource for science ugs means many SET departments face closure The consequences for the Nation need to be considered

Factors Science x 2 Medicine x 4. 5 Factors 1. Much greater teaching time ca 5 x), 2. need for well equipped labs, 3. direct and indirect costs eg space charges, greater need for heating, power utilities etc

1. Science education needs experiment 2. Scientific method is not taught 3. It is absorbed osmotically from the atmosphere of a research environment 4. Teaching only institutions cannot be provide this and their courses will not be accredited 5. This is related to the notion of what a University is

1. The focusing of research into a few top heavy battleships will unbalance of the science base 2. Oxbridge sends its students to the city and academia – the regional universities tend to supply the chemical industry 3. Outstanding research groups have historically flourished in the smaller institutions

EXAMPLES HULL First Liquid Crystal Displays LEICESTER Genetic Fingerprinting KINGS DNA structure* SUSSEX Buckminsterfullerene* *Nobel Prizewinning Discoveries

1. 35% of the GNP of any developed nation depends on catalysis 2. The Chermistry Industry is ca 5 billion in surplus compared with ca 10 billion deficit in manufacturing

Two more worrying factors The increase in National Insurance contribution University salary inflation rate has for some time been running at about 3½% whereas allowance for only 2½ has been made Efficiency going down

Crisis 3 The crisis in science education in particular of the 11 -15 age group ©

According to the Economist of Teachers teaching A levels

In a particular LEA, the ratio of teachers with a degree in the subject Physics/Chemistry/Biology is 1/2/4 In one study sample of 30 PGCE science graduates in 1992 only 2 are still in teaching

Language ©

The Vega Science Trust www. vega. org. uk ©

TV (or www) Dinner Approach to the Provision of Teaching Material RSC – Vega Internet project

TV (or www) Dinner Approach to the Provision of Teaching Material 1. RSC-Vega working to create an Internet chemistry teachers’ resource 2. Accessible free worldwide 3. Providing the best possible audio-visual teaching material 4. Especially helpful for new teachers with limited specific experience

Where do you come from? ©

Algebra It’s as easy as a, b, c ©

The Dalton Buckyball Workshop MU RS. C MMU ©

dx a = dy

No kid should leave school without being able to expand or reduce an image in one go using a photocopier

3 4 By measuring and determining the ratio 4/3 = 1. 33 = 133% 3/4 = 0. 75 = 75%

What is a nanometer? 1. 00 nm Hare’s Ratio

Medical Notes Senior Nurses discussed nurses’ inability to do simple maths many could not work out dose-tobodyweight ratios … they put decimal points in the wrong place so patients might receive 10 times more or times less medication than intended

School Arts/Science project ©

Senior Nurses discussed problems stemming from nurses’ inability to do simple maths … they put decimal points in the wrong place so patients might receive 10 times more or times less medication than intended they could not work out dose-to-bodyweight ratios which were particularly important for giving drugs to children

Medical Notes Senior Nurses discussed problems stemming from nurses’ inability to do simple maths … they put decimal points in the wrong place so patients might receive 10 times more or times less medication than intended

EXAMPLES 35% of the GDP tied to Catalysis in some way or other

Research Strategy ©

TV (or www) Dinner Approach to the Provision of Teaching Material

TV (or www) Dinner Approach to the Provision of Teaching Material E =mc 2

TV (or www) Dinner Approach to the Provision of Teaching Material DNA E =mc 2

TV (or www) Dinner Approach to the Provision of Teaching Material E =mc 2 DNA H 2 O

Language At a Faraday discussion meeting in Birmingham in 1954 on “The study of fast reactions”, the German scientist Manfred Eigen asked the Oxford don Ronnie Bell how the English language would describe reactions which were ‘faster than fast’. Ronnie Bell replied “Damn fast reactions Manfred and if they get faster than that, the English language will not fail you, you can call them damn fast reactions indeed!”.

280 240 200 5 Final proficiency in English 10 20 30 Age of arrival non-English speaking immigrants to USA

According to the Economist 80% of teaching A leveldo Physics do ot The crisis in science education The crisis in the decimation of science at UK Universities The crisis in the level of ignorance of the public over science Engineering

Moliére’s Bourgeois Gentilhomme MJ Monsieur Jourdain – PM - Philosophy Master MJ I wish to write something to my lady PM Then without doubt, it is verse you will need MJ No - not verse PM Do you want only prose then? MJ No neither PM It must be one or the other MJ Why?

PM There is no other way to express oneself other than in prose or verse MJ There is nothing but prose and verse? PM No sir - everything that is not prose is verse and everything that is not verse is prose JM And when one speaks - what is that then? PM Prose JM Well by my faith! For more than forty years I have been speaking prose without knowing anything about it. I am much obliged to you for having taught me that

Monsieur Jourdain – Philosophy Master MJ - I agree we have to have SET for the good of society PM - Then it is nanotechnology we need MJ - Non not N&N aaghhhh PM Do you want only High Energy Physics then? MJ No neither PM - It must be one or the other high energy particle physics or low energy – which is (atons stuck together in molecule) schemistry molecule biology and moleculr physics moleules which are Why?

Because that is all there is There is nothing but High and low energy No sir - everything that is not High Energy Physics involves low energy and thus molecule which are nanometer in size and everythinh that is not |N&N is high energy science And when we do Well by my faith for more than forty years I have been using th fruits of N&N withiout knowing anything about it – I am much obliged sir

Science deals with matter either at HIGH (nuclear) energies eg particle physics and cosmological events such as the Big Bang etc or our understanding of how atoms stick together in chemical bonds at LOW energies – around room temperature - what happens when ice freezes we boil water or an egg, take an aspirin etc Indeed anything that happens at nanoscale dimensions is nanoscience and nanotechnolgy (N&N) - so it encompasses all of chemistry - all of molecular physics and all of - molecular biology Is there anything left? – Not much

Moliére’s Bourgeois Gentilhomme MJ Monsieur Jourdain – PM - Philosophy Master MJ I wish to write something to my lady PM Then without doubt, it is verse you will need MJ No - not verse PM Do you want only prose then? MJ No neither PM It must be one or the other MJ Why?

PM Everything that is not prose is verse and everything that is not verse is prose JM And when one speaks - what is that then? PM Prose JM Well by my faith! For more than forty years I have been speaking prose without knowing anything about it.

MATTER at HIGH ENERGY particle physics and cosmological events such as the Big Bang etc MATTER at LOW ENERGY implicitly depends on chemical bonds – nanoscale science all chemistry molecular biology and molecular physics Is there anything left? – Not much