The 1960 s Civil Rights Continues Civil Disobedience

The 1960 s

Civil Rights Continues • Civil Disobedience – Deliberately breaking the law • Sit-ins, use of segregated facilities

Organizations • National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) • Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) • Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) • Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)

March On Washington • August 1963 Civil Rights groups march in Washington DC to support civil rights bill • Martin Luther King Jr. – “I have a dream”

Success • Civil Rights Act of 1964 – Opened public facilities to all – Commission to protect equal job opportunities • Voting Rights Act of 1965 – End of literacy tests and poll taxes

Changes • Some don’t think movement is doing enough • Call for “Black Power” – More aggressive, militant approach, less emphasis on integration – Malcolm X – Black Panthers

Women’s Rights Movement • Women seek equality-equal jobs, pay, status • The Feminine Mystique – Book by Betty Friedan – argued against society forcing women into the home • National Organization for Women (NOW)

Progress for Women • Civil Rights Act of 1964 – end of discrimination • Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) – equal protection under law • Equal Opportunity Act – equal pay • Title IX – equality in sports

Roe v Wade/Miranda v Arizona • Roe v Wade – Woman has the right to end a pregnancy – Court rules that making abortions illegal would violate right to privacy • Miranda v Arizona – Ensures accused are given due process and notified of rights when arrested

Setbacks for Women • Not all women support movement – Against traditional values • Claims movement led to higher divorce and abortion rates and ruined values

Civil Rights for Other Groups • Latinos – Cesar Chavez – United Farm Workers • Shows Latino contributions to society • Native Americans – American Indian Movement (AIM) • Disabled Americans – New programs (Deaf Institute at RIT) – Mainstreaming of education

Kennedy’s New Frontier • Space Program – To compete with Soviets – man on the moon • Peace Corps – American volunteers sent to developing nations to train local people in technical, educational, and health programs • Lowered income taxes to stimulate economy

Lyndon B. Johnson’s Great Society • VISTA – Volunteers In Service to America – Domestic peace corps • Office of Economic Opportunity – Assistance to low-income families – Head Start, Upward Bound, Job Corps

Great Society • Elementary and Secondary Education Act – Over $1 billion to education • Medicare and Medicaid – Health insurance and care to those on social security and low-income individuals • Department of Housing and Urban Development – Improve housing and economic aid to cities

The 1960 s • Civil Rights continues for African Americans and begins for other groups – Women, Disabled, Native Americans, Latinos • Government becomes more involved in society – New Frontier, Great Society