The 1905 revolution Causes of revolution in 1905

The 1905 revolution

Causes of revolution in 1905 • Economic problems - bad living and working conditions for peasants and for urban workers - Govt policies made this worse – high taxes to pay for industrial development, wages kept low - industrial slump – 1902 – jobs lost! - poor harvests – 1900, 1902 – riots - police and army used – but violence continues – 1902, 1903

Causes of revolution in 1905 • The Russo Japanese war 1904 – 05 - made prices rise, shortages of materials, food - shortages – factories closed – unemployment! - defeats in war – Port Arthur fell to Japanese

The trigger cause – Bloody sunday • January 1905 – Father • Gapon leads march to give petition to tsar Massacre –Russia lurches into chaos

The 1905 revolution Government has little control over the country – tsar “at war with his own people”!

Year of revolution 1905 • January 400, 000 workers on strike • Demonstrations, petitions, peasant uprisings, student riots, assassinations • Mukden, Tsushima, Potemkin!

Year of revolution 1905 • MC demand a parliament, freedom of speech • National groups demand independence • Jews demand equality • Peasant riots – land seized • Sept – peace treaty with Japan – Troops now back in Russia!

Year of revolution 1905 • October – general strike spreads from Moscow – barricades in the streets • St Petersburg soviet set up

October manifesto – the tsar gives…. . • A Duma • Civil rights • Uncensored newspapers and the right to form political parties.

1905 – the tsar back in power? • MC stop protests and support government • Troops used to close St Petersburg soviet and uprising in Moscow • Troops sent into the countryside • Stolypin’s necktie!