The 12 Olympians Zeus Hera Poseidon Demeter Hephaestus

The 12 Olympians: Zeus Hera Poseidon Demeter Hephaestus Ares Athena Apollo Artemis Hermes Dionysus Aphrodite Figure 5. 1 The Lineage of Major Deities

Important characters and key features of the ‘underworld’ in Chap. 15 (Afterlife, Hades, etc. ). See esp. pp. 378 ff. The 5 rivers: Styx (hate) Acheron (woe) Pyriphlegethon (fire) Cocytus (wailing) Lethe (forgetfulness) Charon Cerberus Tartarus, Fields of Elysium Rhadamanthys - Minos - Aeacus (judges) Hades and Persephone Furies = Erinyes The Underworld Apulian (Italy) red-figure krater by the Underworld painter, ca. 320 B. C. (Staatliche Antikensammlungen und Glyptothek München)

Three key classical texts on the afterlife: • Homer's Odyssey, Book 11 (MLS pp. 355 -61) [8 th century BC] • Plato's Republic (Myth of Er in Book 10) (MLS pp. 362 -67) [early 4 th century BC] • Vergil's Aeneid, Book 6 (MLS pp. 367 -80) [late 1 st century BC] Aeneas and the Sybil in the Underworld (1600) (Jan Brueghel the Elder (1568– 1625) (Szépmüsésti Museum, Budapest, Hungary)

Important characters and terms in Chap. 16 (Orpheus) • Orpheus • Eurydice • Orphism • Orphic religion • hieroi logoi = 'sacred writings’ (see MLS p. 390) ‘Orpheus and Eurydice’ Eugène Delacroix (1798– 1863). The Spring—Eurydice bitten by a serpent while picking flowers [Eurydice’s death]; 1856– 1863; MASP, Museu de Arte de São Paulo Assis Chateaubriand; photo by João L. Musa)