Text Structures Focus for learning Students will identify

Text Structures

Focus for learning Students will identify text features in an actual text. 2. Students will analyze how text features contribute to ideas by identify the central idea of a text feature and comparing it to the central idea of the article. 1.

Text Structure Text structure is the way a text is organized or written. 2 types of text structure External Text Structure Internal Text Structure

External Text Structure External text structures can often be called text features. Text features are structures outside of the written words of a text that enhance or draw attention to specific points or ideas.

External Text Structures Text Feature Format Purpose Table of Contents List of Chapters/Sections Provides a list of information included in the text Headings and Subheadings Provides a brief phrase that tells me what information I will find in the paragraph below. Bold or Italicized Words These words are important terms that I must be able to define so I can understand the information. Graphics/Illustrations Pictures, diagrams, graphs, Provides more information or tables, timelines, arranges information in a illustration visual format so I might understand it better. Additional Notations Annotations, footnotes, captions, sidebars Provides additional information that explains ideas further

Activity 1 In Upfront Magazine September 2014 Edition, please turn to page 6. Private think time: What text features do you notice? 2. Group share – Make a list of text features your group came up with (round robin) 3. Share out – Teacher will call on group reps to share features 1.

Read Article As we read – be thinking about the central idea. What is the text mostly about. Use the tips for identifying the central idea. (Anchor Chart) Private think time: What is the central idea of the article?

Activity 2 You will be assigned 2 text features from the list. Identify the central idea of each of your text features. Analyze (look closely) at how that text feature contributes (or adds) to the ideas of the text. � Think about… Does it add new information? Does it draw attention to 1 specific point mentioned in the text? Does it organize information from the text in a new format that is easier to understand?

Internal Text Structures �Now we will talk about internal text structure – the way the text is organized and written �Identifying and understanding text structure is important because it helps you gather information more easily �A text can have multiple structures within it

5 types of text structure �Definition or Description �Sequence/Chronological �Cause and Effect �Comparison and Contrast �Problem Solution

Descriptive or definition Frequently in textbook Signal Words: readings an entire Is paragraph is devoted to defining a complex term or For example Involves idea. The concept is initially defined and then Can be defined An example further expanded with For instance examples and In fact restatements Also Is called Graphic Organizer – Circle Map or Bubble Map Refers to

Sequence or Chronological The main idea’s supporting details are written in a specific order. Changing the order would mean changing the meaning. Graphic Organizer: Flow Map Signal Words: First, second, third Now, then, before After, next, finally Following, while, last During, on (date), not long, when…

Cause and Effect Shows a relationship between the cause of something and the effect that follows as a result Graphic Organizer: Multi-Flow Map Signal Words: so that, because of, thus, unless, therefore, since, in order to, as a result of, this led to, then, reasons for, if…then, consequently, an explanation for, this reason, nevertheless, accordingly

Comparison/Contrast Points out similarities and differences between two or more topics Graphic Organizer: Venn Diagram or Double Bubble map Signal Words: different from, same as, alike, similar to, unlike, but, as well as, yet, either…or, not only…but also, compared to, in contrast, while, resembles, although, unless, similarly, however

Problem-Solution The text states a problem and then suggests one or more solutions Graphic Organizer: Flow Map Signal words: a problem is, a solution is, the problem is solved by, a potential alternative is, solution, issue, a possible answer, therefore, conclusion