TEXT STRUCTURE How text is organized Nonfiction has

TEXT STRUCTURE How text is organized. Nonfiction has lots of text structures. Focus on 3 main patterns of organization. Nonfiction Organizational Patterns

CAUSE AND EFFECT Explains reasons why something happened. Or explains the results of something. Many Karate Schools Opened. Not feeding it. Not petting it. Not loving it. Dog Ran Away Lots of Karate Movies in 60’s Nunchuck sales Increased 400% Hospital cases went up.

PROBLEM AND SOLUTION Author states a problem and solution(s). Similar, but do not confuse with cause and effect. Problem & Solution 1. presents a problem. 2. Explores possible options/solutions. 3. Identifies a solutions Missing Books Putting in the Closet Getting Lockers Eagles were endangered. Make laws to protect them.

COMPARE AND CONTRAST Compare = find similarities Contrast = find differences Shows what’s in common and what’s different.

Restoring the Toad 1 Sports at Ericson There are two popular Dr. Knapp doesn’t want people to sit back and let sports played at Ericson, the toad vanish. He basketball and volleyball. believes that everyone is Both take place inside of responsible for restoring the toad species. Dr. Knapp the gym at Ericson. Also, thinks we could help restore each sport has two teams the toad population if we of people. In basketball, stop mowing parts of our lawns and let the grass however, the ball can be grow wild to reserve space played off of the floor, and for the toad. He also in volleyball, the ball believes we need to stop cannot touch the floor or using pesticides and fertilizers. The chemicals it is out of play. kill the insects that toads Basketball and volleyball eat. If we preserve some are popular sports at spaces in our lawns and stop using fertilizers, Dr. Ericson. 2 Knapp believes we can save

Failing Classes 3 Lots of students fail classes. Some students fail because the work is too hard for them. Other times they may fail because they are lazy, and don’t do any work. Another reason why students may fail is if they don’t go to school. If you’re not in class you may miss a lot. Many students fail classes every quarter. Passing Classes 4 A lot of students have been failing classes. These students wouldn’t be failing classes if they studied more, asked questions, and reviewed nightly. In addition, the school offers morning mentoring three days a week. Many teachers also put extra support on their blogs. Even though a lot of students fail classes, they have many options if they want to pass.

5 The lion is often thought of as the king of the jungle, but the African wild dog may be a better hunter. Both lions and African wild dogs are pack animals and have females lead their hunts, but they have different hunting styles. Although lions are very fast, they do not have much stamina. They attack in short, ferocious bursts because they get tired quickly. On the other hand, African wild dogs are not very fast, but they have incredible stamina. They can run for hours and often chase their prey to exhaustion. Dr. George Schaller studied African wild dogs in the Serengeti and found that 9 out of 10 of their hunts ended in kills, while lions are only successful in 3 out of 10 hunts. So you see, it’s not always good to be king.

6 Fewer Toads Though toads are still around, they no longer are as common in some areas as they were a few decades ago. The growing use of insecticides, chemicals used to repel and kill a variety of insects, has reduced their numbers. The chemical sprays usually do not harm toads, however, the use of insecticides cut down the animals’ food supply. Thereby, the toads do not have enough food to survive. As a results, there are fewer toads in many areas populated by humans.