TEXT A Friend in Need About the title

TEXT A Friend in Need About the title: A friend in need is a friend indeed. (English proverb): irony

Lecturing Procedures I. About the author II. Text Analysis a. Grammar Basics: Split Structure, Inversion, etc. b. Figures of Speech: Simile, metaphor, hyperbole, Parallelism, etc. c. Comments on the Text d. Theme of the Text

Somerset Maugham (1874 -1965)

William Somerset Maugham was a British playwright, novelist and short story writer. He was among the most popular writers of his era and reputedly the highest paid author during the 1930 s. After losing both his parents by the age of 10, Maugham was raised by a paternal uncle who was emotionally cold. Not wanting to become a lawyer like other men in his family, Maugham eventually trained and qualified as a doctor. The first run of his first novel, Liza of Lambeth (1897), sold out so rapidly that Maugham gave up medicine to write full-time.

During the First World War, he served with the Red Cross and in the ambulance corps, before being recruited in 1916 into the British Secret Intelligience Service, for which he worked in Switzerland Russia before the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917. During and after the war, he traveled in India and Southeast Asia; all of these experiences were reflected in later short stories and novels.

1. I shrug my shoulders when people tell me…(作者观点态度句) e. g. I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport creates goodwill between the nations, and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield. (The sporting spirit: George Orwell)

2. for my own part: as far as I am concerned, speaking for myself. 3. The longer I know people the more they puzzle me. e. g. (If) The longer we stay together, the more passionately attached we become to each other. No…. . , no………. . e. g. (If) No representation, no taxation.

4. These reflections have occurred to me. c. f. 1) sth happen to sb. 2) sb happen to to do sth. e. g. A robbery happened to me last night. A robbery occurred to me last night. c. f. 3) sth stike sb as adj. The film strikes the audiences as inspiring. 4) sth dawn on sb.

名饰分裂 1). He laughs best who laughs last. 2). All is well that ends well. 动宾分裂 I impressed upon him the importance of the task. 连主分裂 She was sentimentally attached to the house, for (even though it was too big for her needs), she persisted in living there long after husband’s death.

主谓分裂 There is none of the hurry which, in our society, often hampers the full development of a growing personality. 搭配分裂 The great advantage of taking medicine is that it takes no demands on the taker beyond that of putting up for a moment with a disgusting taste. 插入语导致的分裂 Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends?

5. merchant: the ~ of Venice 6. the more adj. =all the more adj. =even more adj. 7. benign: friendly. beni-/bene-均是褒义词的前缀： benefit, beneficial, benefaction, benefactor, bevevolent. 8. he had been something of an athlete: c. f. much of, little of, nothing of.

9. have been doing与have done: 两者均表示从过去某点开始，但后者的动作 行为到现在已结束，而前者还要延续到将来。 例：For some time now, world leaders ___ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction. (专四) A. had been pointing B. have been pointing C. were pointing D. pointed

Jack ___ for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety. A. has been missing B. has been missed C. had been missing D. was missed (专四)

10. He was down and out: boxing term. 又例： 1). be down and out 2). stick one’s neck out 3). throw in the towel/sponge 4). a punching bag 5). hit sb below the belt

Inversion：(强调功能/结构需要) In the town, in the little offices, sat the men who bought pearls form the fishers. 1. Total Inversion 方向副词/地点副词/时间副词/位置性介词词组在句 首, 如：away, in, out/here, there/now, then/into the…, under the…+运动性/存在性不及物动词(V)+名 词主语 2. Partial Inversion 1). 否定副词、词组/only+状语/程度、频率状语在句 首, 如：never/only by the way/well, frequently+助 动词(V 1)+名词主语+谓语动词(V 2) 2). 让步、比较、结果、条件状语从句的倒装

1. Then one day a few years ago out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don’t talk about that anymore. (四级) 2. Along with this disparagement of a compliment is the American tendency to laugh at one’s own mistakes and admit one’s weaknesses. 3. Out of emotional experience with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are “good” and others are “bad”.

4. So affectionate a nurse was Miss Sharp, that Miss Crawley would take her medicine from no other hand, to the great annoyance of the lady’s maid. (Vanity Fair)

Figures of Speech: Hyperbole do a thousand one jobs about the house. have a mountain of clothes to wash.