Tetralogy of Fallot Gifty Ulinwa Shakira Vieira Marilynn

Tetralogy of Fallot Gifty Ulinwa, Shakira Vieira, Marilynn Kelly

What Is It? • Congenital heart defect. • Problem with heart at birth • Changes normal flow of blood through heart • 4 different types of defects

Ventricular Septal Defect • What is it? • Signs & Symptoms • Treatment

Pulmonary Stenosis • Narrowing of the opening into the pulmonary artery from the right ventricle Present at birth •

Four types of pulmonary Stenosis • Valvar Pulmonary Stenosis-valve leaflets thickened/narrowed • Supravalvar Pulmonary Stenosispulmonary artery thickened

• Subvalvar (Infundibular) Pulmonary Stenosis-muscle under valve thickened • Branch Peripheral Pulmonic Stenosis pulmonary artery(ies) narrowed

Effects • Can be very dangerous for infants, symptoms will show. • Sometimes symptoms show later in life. • Possible no symptoms in adults. • Worsening with time. • Heart becomes exhausted

Treatments • Balloon dilation or valvuloplasty • Valvotomy • Valvectomy • Pulmonary valve replacement

Right Ventricular Hypertrophy • Increase in the side of the heart's right ventricle Can cause "blue baby syndrome" •

Effects • Often goes unnoticed • Can cause respiratory issues

Treatments • Treatment depends on individual o Medications o Pacemaker/defibrillator o Heart transplant

Overriding Aorta • Aorta shifted to the right • Lies directly above ventricular septal defect • Aorta receives blood from right ventricle • Reduces amount of oxygen in blood (Mixed blood)

Outlook • • • Blood is not able to reach the lungs to get oxygen Open heart surgery is needed Children are able to live to adulthood with frequent medical attention

MRI History • Used in the early 1980's • Diagnosis • Brain/ Heart structure

MRI Effects • Radiation • Pregnancy • Claustrophobia • Metallic Implants -Metal chips -Heart pacemakers -Metal implants