Test of English as a Foreign Language By
( Test of English as a Foreign Language)) By: I Made Sujana upt pusat bahasa unram
Tentang TOEFL � Tes standar internasional yang dipergunakan untuk mengetahui tingkat penguasaan bahasa Inggris (English proficiency) seseorang. � Diperlukan oleh kandidat yang ingin melanjutkan studi atau short visit ke luar negeri. � Di Indonesia, TOEFL digunakan sebagai persyaratan studi S 2/S 3 dalam negeri maupun untuk kebutuhan lain (persyaratan kenaikan pangkat/promosi di instansi-instansi pemerintahan dan swasta)
Struktur Tes TOEFL Section Aspects Total Items Time I Listening Comprehension A. Short Conversation B. Long/Extended Conversation C. Mini Talks/Lecturers 50 35 II Structure & Written Expression A. Structure: Choose the best answer B. Written Expression: Error recognation 40 25 III Reading Comprehension 50 55 140 115 TOTAL
Sample Listening Part A: On the recording you hear: Man : Does the car need to be filled? Woman : Mary stopped at the gas station on her way room Third Person : What does the woman mean? On your test book, you will read: A. Mary bought some food B. Mry had car trouble C. Mary went shopping D. Mary bought some gas
Listening Part B � Dialog agak panjang dua atau tiga orang membahas topik tertentu. � Diikuti dengan 4 pertanyaan untuk masing dialog. � Dua dialog dalam satu paket test (total 8 pertanyaan).
Listening Part C � Perkuliahan (Lecture) dalam Bahasa Inggris diikuti 3 -4 pertanyaan. � 3 mini lectures dalam 1 paket tes (12 pertanyaan
Pertanyaan pada Listening Part B & C Area Contoh • Topics/Main Idea • • What • Detail Questions (Wh/H) • • • Who. . . ? Where. . . ? What. . . ? When. . . ? Why. . . ? How. . . ? • Conclusion/Inferences/ Prediction • • What can we conclude from the conv/talk? What can we infer from the conv. /talk? Who are the speakers? What will the speaker probably do next? is the topic of the conversation/talk? is the main idea of the talk/conv? do speakers mainly discuss? prompted the conversation?
Subskills dalam Listening Comprehension • Similar Sounds • Emphatic surprises • Restatements • Suggestion • Draw conslusions (who, where, what) • • Negatives • Conditional Meanings • Wish meaning • Agreement • Idiomatic Expressions
STRUCTURE & WRITTEN EXPRESSION � Word Families � Similar Words � Noun (Countable vs Uncountable, Singular/Plural, Article and determiners, etc. ) � Agreement (S-V and N-P agreement) � Prepositions � Conjunctions (coordinate conjunction and paired conjunction)
STRUCTURE & WRITTEN EXPRESSION � Degrees of Comparisons � Modifiers (adjective vs adverb, linking verb, etc. ) � Verbs as Complements (infinitive, gerund, bare infinitive, past pariciples) � Causative � Conditional Sentences and Wish � Tenses
STRUCTURE & WRITTEN EXPRESSION � Relative Clauses � Noun Clauses (reported speech) � Adjective Clauses � Parallel Structures � Passive Voice � Aspects of a Sentence � Subjunctive
TYPES OF QUESTIONS AND SAMPLE QUESTIONS 1. Understand Main Ideas: ◦ ◦ ◦ What What is is is the the the topic of the passage? subject of the passage? main idea of the passage? title of the passage? main purpose of the passage? 2. Recognize the Organization of Ideas ◦ How is the information in this passage organized? ◦ How is the information in the second paragraph related to the information in the first paragraph?
3. Answer stated Detail Questions ◦ ◦ ◦ According to the passage, ___________? It is stated in the passage ____________? The passage indicates that ___________? The author mentions that ____________? Which of the following is true __________? 4. Find "Unstated" Details ◦ ◦ Which of the following is not stated? Which of the following is not mentioned? Which of the following is not discussed? All of the following are true EXCEPT …
5. Find Pronoun Referents ◦ What does "……. " in line X refer to ? 6. Answer Implied Detail Questions ◦ ◦ It is implied in the passage that ___________ It can be inferred from the passage that _______ It is most likely that _________________ What probably happened ______________ 7. Answer Transition Questions ◦ The paragraph preceding the passage most likely _______ ◦ What is most likely in the paragraph following the passage?
8. Understand Vocabulary in Context ◦ What is the meaning of ___________? ◦ Which of the following is closest in meaning to ____? ◦ The word "_____" in line X is closest in meaning to which of the following? 9. Determine Where Specific Information is Found ◦ Where in the passage ____________? ◦ In which line (s) _______________?
10. Determine the Tone, Purpose, or Course What is the tone of the passage? What is the author's purpose in this passage? In which course would this reading be assigned?
Scoring System � Jawaban benar dikonversikan dengan tabel konversi � Rentang Skor 217 – 677 � Tidak ada pengurangan nilai menjawab salah.
- Slides: 17