Terrorism Introduction John T Hoffman Director Threat Mitigation

Terrorism Introduction John T. Hoffman Director, Threat & Mitigation john. hoffman@ncmail. net Meg Scott Phipps, Commissioner

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services Terrorism Introduction l l Terrorists are capable of employing chemical weapons and have employed biological weapons. Pre-incident intelligence is important, but may not prevent a terrorist attack. When an attack comes we must be prepared. To become prepared we must understand the threat l assess both the threat and our own vulnerabilities l threat scenarios provide focus l analysis uncovers gaps and shortfalls l l l Develop Plans and threat Reduction measures Increasing our preparedness means taking actions that eliminate the current gaps and shortfalls. The goal is to minimize loss of life, capability, and property

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services General Threat Posture for NC Low in general – Direct Destructive Attack • • • Fuel / Haz-Mat Storage Prominent facilities Large Gatherings Military Banking – Bio Attack • • Facilities Food Chain Water Systems High risk Personnel – Prominent Persons – Media Personalities – High Technology

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services Groups That Threaten Ø Lone individuals Ø Identified groups Ø Non-aligned groups Ø State sponsored Ø Transnational Organizations Ø Doomsday cults Ø Insurgents

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services How They Operate: Ø Political/Ideologically driven Ø Small Cells: Ø Leadership Ø Planning Ø Logistics Ø Intel/recon Ø Rehearsal/training Ø execution Ø May be very well financed Ø Very Patient Ø Seek visibility for a cause or to intimidate into action Ø Focus on targets that yield maximum effect

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services POSSIBLE WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION: B-NICE • Biological • Nuclear • Incendiary • Chemical • Explosive Terrorist may weaponize a conventional resource!

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services Other Mass Destruction Weapons * Infrastructure attacks * Cyber. Terrorism and Information Warfare

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services Potential Biological Agents: Alphavirus Anthrax Botulism Brucella Cholera Plague Q Fever Ricin Smallpox Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Tularemia Trichothecene Mycotoxin (T 2)

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services Other Potential Animal Disease Threats • • • Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) Hog Cholera African Swine Fever West Nile Avian Influenza Hendra Nipah Ebola BSE (Emerging Zoonotic Diseases) Foreign Animal Diseases = Global Diseases

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services Assessing Threats Is A Given Threat Credible? ØIntent ØCapability ØVulnerability

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services Is Our Food Chain Vulnerable? What Do You Think?

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services Is Our Water Vulnerable? 160, 000 public water systems in the US. 54, 000 community water systems serving 264 Million. 300 serve major metro areas. Almost 50% receive their water from very large utilities. Yet most systems are small (99% serve < 100, 00)

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services Is Our Water Vulnerable? Potential Vulnerabilities: • Physical Destruction • Interdependencies • Biological and Chemical Contamination • Cyber Attack

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services Is North Carolina Water Vulnerable? 2374 Community Water Systems Serving 5, 794, 107 people 658 Non-Transient Non-Community Water Systems Serving 193, 761 people 4479 Transient Non-Community Water Systems Serving 412, 002 people 6955 Ground water systems Serving 1, 942, 355 people 556 Surface Water Systems Serving 4, 457, 515 people

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services CHEM/BIO-Security Considerations: ØEmployee Background Checks ØExternal Facility Monitoring ØPhysical Security ØLanguage/Cultural Issues ØImmigrant Workers ØEmployee Bio-Security Training ØTransportation Security ØORM ØTerrorism Vulnerability Self Assessments

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services How To Reduce Exposure to Terrorism Ø Assess threat and vulnerabilities Ø Implement Threat Reduction steps Ø Develop Crisis Management Plan Ø Develop Consequence Management Plan Ø Train your team & Exercise the plans

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services Why go after the lions when there are plenty of sheep. PLO Terrorist Dr. George Habash

North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services We will be the lions!

Ten Tasks: ØPreserve the ability of the NC Agriculture Community to produce stable supplies of food, feed and forest products. ØDiagnose and investigate infectious animal and livestock disease, intentional plant pest introductions, unauthorized biological control agent releases, and environmental health problems and health hazards in the NC agriculture community. ØProvide the full resources of the North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services to support the State of North Carolina in any emergency situation. ØReduce the vulnerability of the staff, vital assets, services and operations of the North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services. ØReduce the vulnerability of the animal, and livestock, plant, crop, and other beneficial organism populations of the state from the effect of a multi-hazard event.

Ten Tasks: continued ØSupport the partners and customers of the North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services in reducing their vulnerability to and recovery from the effects of a multi-hazard event. ØInform, educate and empower people about specific agricultural community issues pertaining to a threatened or actual Multi-Hazard emergency event. ØEnforce laws and regulations that protect public, animal, and livestock, plant, crop and other beneficial organism health and insure their general safety in case of a Multi-Hazard emergency. ØEvaluate effectiveness, accessibility and quality of departmental and community based agricultural services available to respond to a Multi-Hazard emergency. ØDevelop and maintain policies and plans that support the agricultural community efforts in preparing for and responding to a Multi-Hazard emergency event.