Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Urinary

Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Urinary System This material (Comp 3 Unit 12) was developed by the University of Alabama at Birmingham, funded by the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number 90 WT 0007. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non. Commercial-Share. Alike 4. 0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http: //creativecommons. org.

Urinary System Learning Objectives • Define, understand correctly pronounce medical terms related to the urinary system • Describe common diseases and conditions with an overview of various treatments related to the urinary system 2

Urinary System Anatomy • • Kidneys Ureters Urinary Bladder Urethra 3

Kidneys • Functions – Elimination of organic waste – Regulation of Homeostasis o Acid-base balance o Red blood cell production o Blood pressure o – Elimination of toxic substances 4

Bladder Diseases – Cystitis – Urinary tract infection – Urinary incontinence – Interstitial cystitis • Diagnostic tests – Urine tests – X-rays – Cystoscopy • Treatment – Medications – Surgery 5

Bladder Cancer • Location – Lining of the bladder • Sixth most common type of cancer in US • Risk Factors • Symptoms • Treatment – Surgery – Radiation – Chemotherapy – Biologic Therapy (immunotherapy) 6

Kidney Stones • Also called nephrolithiasis • Symptoms – Back or side pain that won’t go away – Blood in the urine – Fever and chills – Vomiting – Urine that smells bad or looks cloudy – Burning pain when urinating 7

Kidney Stones 2 • Diagnostic tests – Intravenous pyelogram • Treatment – Lithotripsy o Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) 8

Diseases and Disorders of the Kidney • Kidney Damage – Risk Factors Diabetes (Diabetic nephropathy) o High blood pressure o Family history of disease o • Kidney Failure – End-stage renal disease (ESRD) – Renal failure 9

Diseases and Disorders of the Kidney 2 • Wilms Tumor – Nephroblastoma – Affects children – Curable • Symptoms – Lump in the abdomen – Blood in the urine • Treatment – Surgery – Chemotherapy/Radiation – Biologic therapy 10

Diseases and Disorders of the Kidney 3 • Treatment for Renal Failure – Dialysis Hemodialysis o Peritoneal dialysis o – Kidney Transplantation o Most common transplants o Sources of transplants § Living related donor § Living unrelated donor § Deceased donor 11

Diseases and Disorders of the Kidney 4 • Renal Cancer – Location – Risk Factors – Symptoms Blood in the urine o Lump in the abdomen o Unexplained weight loss o Side pain o Loss of appetite o 12

Diseases and Disorders of the Kidney 5 • Renal Cancer – Treatment Surgery o Radiation o Chemotherapy o Biologic therapy o 13

Urinary System Combining Forms Key Word Forms Meaning Sample Term Cyst/o Bladder Cystoscopy Lith/o Stone Lithotripsy Meat/o Meatus Meatotomy Nephr/o Kidney Nephritis Ren/o Renal Renography Ureter/o Ureterectomy Urethro/o Urethra Urethritis 14

Tell me, Detective. . . • An elderly white male presented to his family practitioner complaining of blood in his urine. After evaluation and testing, he was diagnosed with bladder cancer. What are therapies or treatments the family practitioner should discuss with the patient? 15

Urinary System Summary • Define, explain and correctly pronounce medical terms related to the urinary system • Describe common diseases and conditions with an overview of various treatments related to the urinary system 16

Urinary System References Medline. Plus [Internet]. Kidneys and urinary system. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); [updated 2011 Jul 27]. Available from: www. nlm. nih. gov Images Slide 3: 2 & CC BY-SA Available From: commons. wikimedia. org 17

Terminology in Health Care and Public Health Settings Urinary System This material was developed by the University of Alabama at Birmingham, funded by the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number 90 WT 0007. 18