Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public

Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b – Healthcare System Terminology This material Comp 3_Unit 13 was developed by The University of Alabama at Birmingham, funded by the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number 1 U 24 OC 000023

Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Learning Objectives • Define frequently used healthcare systems terms • Identify and define types of patients in various healthcare settings • Identify and define the healthcare professions Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 2

Healthcare System Terms • Patient – Person, including one who is deceased, who receives or is receiving healthcare services • Inpatient – Person admitted to a hospital for bed occupancy to receive inpatient hospital services Source: (AHIMA, 2006) Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 3

Healthcare System Terms • Outpatient – Person receiving healthcare services at a hospital without being hospitalized, institutionalized or admitted as an inpatient • Ambulatory settings – Outpatient settings • Resident – Patient who resides in a long term care facility Source: (AHIMA, 2006) Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 4

Healthcare System Terms • Admission – Process of admitting a patient for healthcare services • Discharge – Process of preparing patient to leave the hospital – Involves discharge instructions for the patient Source: (Encyclopedia of Surgery) Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 5

Healthcare Services • Ambulatory care – Care provided in any outpatient setting • Long term care – Medical and nonmedical care provided for chronic, debilitating conditions • Example: dementia care • Home health care – Care that is provided in the home or in an assisted living facility – Goal • To promote, maintain or restore health Source: (Encyclopedia of Surgery) Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 6

Healthcare Services • Subacute care – Care that is provided after an acute phase of a disease or injury – Requires technically complex care – Occurs in hospitals, long term care hospitals or nursing homes – Transitional care or extended care units Sources: (NJHA, 2002) (Shi & Singh, 2008) Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 7

Healthcare Professionals • Physical therapists – Use heat, cold, exercises, electricity, manipulation or ultraviolet radiation – Goal • Restore function, prevent disability or manage musculoskeletal pain after injury • Occupational therapists – Assess and design interventions – Goal • Minimize physical, developmental or psychological deficits that affect daily living and employment activities Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 8

Healthcare Professionals • Nursing – Single largest health care profession – Employed in hospitals, schools, physician offices, public health facilities – Practice of nursing includes • • Source: Clinical practice Administration and management Education Research (DHHS, 2010) Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 9

Healthcare Professionals • ANA defines nursing as “the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations. ” Source: (ANA) Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 10

Healthare Professionals • Registered nurse (RN) – Nurses who complete formal training and pass a state board examination to be licensed – Licensure is state specific – RNs must be licensed to practice Source: (www. dictionary. com) Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 11

Healthcare Services Terms • Various types of nurses – Doctoral-prepared nurses work in research, education, clinical setting & administration – Nurses with master’s degrees work as nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialist, administrator, director – Nurses with baccalaureate degrees work as supervisors, head nurses, charge nurses, nurse managers – Licensed practical nurses work as staff nurses, nurse managers, work under RN, physician or other professional authorized by law Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 12

Healthcare Services Terms • Respiratory therapist – Trained to assess, treat and care for patients with breathing, heart or respiratory disorders – Work under the direction of a physician • Physician assistant (PA) – Trained to assist physicians in evaluating, monitoring and diagnosing patients Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 13

Healthcare Service Terms • Affordable Care Act (ACA) – Also known as Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) – Passed in March, 2010 • Patient centered medical home (PCMH) – Care model for providing care that is coordinated by a personal physician and other team members – Goal • To provide good quality care that is cost effective and accessible and supports patient self-management of care Sources: (Healthcare. gov, Accountable care, 2012) (Healthcare. gov, Roadmap, 2012) Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 14

Healthcare Service Terms • Accountable Care Organization (ACO) • • • Source: Included in the Affordable Care Act Health care providers and organizations who agree to coordinate overall care for Medicare beneficiaries that improves quality and safety and is more affordable care Ties the type of reimbursement to quality measures Patient centered care Offers incentives (Healthcare. gov, Accountable care, 2012) Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 15

Healthcare Service Terms • Source: Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) – Provides funding for research on studies on • Prevention • Diagnosis • Treatment – Focuses on impact on the patient – Considers patients’ perspectives, interests and values (PCORI, 2012) Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 16

Healthcare Service Terms • Physician Quality Reporting System – Formerly called Physician Quality Reporting Initiative (PQRI) – CMS program for Medicare, Medicaid and SCHIP providers – Encourages physicians to report data on covered professional services (quality measures) – Provides incentives if physicians satisfactorily meet the CMS criteria for reporting • Group Practice Reporting Option (GPRO) – Mechanism that allows group practices to participate in the physician quality reporting system Source: (CMS, 2011) Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 17

Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Summary • Public health and healthcare system terms are important in understanding the US healthcare system • Knowledge of healthcare services, patient types and healthcare settings is important in understanding the healthcare system Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 18

Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology References • American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA). 2006 Pocket glossary health information management and technology. Chicago (IL): AHIMA, 2006. • American Nursing Association (ANA). Frequently asked questions [Internet]. 2012. Available from: http: //nursingworld. org/Functional. Menu. Categories/FAQs#def • Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) [Internet]. Overview; Physician Quality Reporting System. Baltimore (MD); CMS. gov; 2011 [updated 2011 Oct 17]. Available from: http: //www. cms. gov/pqrs/01_overview. asp? • Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). Registered nurse population; initial findings from the 2008 national sample survey of registered nurses. Health Resources and Services Administration [Internet]. 2010 Sep. Available from: http: //bhpr. hrsa. gov/healthworkforce/rnsurvey 2008. html • Dictionary. com [Internet]. Oakland (CA): Dictionary. com; 2012. Registered nurse. Available from: http: //dictionary. reference. com/browse/registered+nurse • Encyclopedia of Surgery. Discharge from the hospital. Advameg, Inc. [Internet]. Available from: http: //www. surgeryencyclopedia. com/Ce-Fi/Discharge-from-the-Hospital. html • Healthcare. gov [Internet]. Accountable care organizations: improving care coordination for people with Medicare. Washington (DC): Healthcare. gov; c 2012 [updated 2011 Nov 16]. Available from: http: //www. healthcare. gov/news/factsheets/2011/03/accountablecare 03312011 a. html Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 19

Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology References • Healthcare. gov [Internet]. Roadmap to better care transitions and fewer readmissions. Washington (DC): Healthcare. gov; c 2012 [updated 2011 Jun 23]. Available from: http: //www. healthcare. gov/compare/partnership-forpatients/safety/transitions. html • New Jersey Hospital Association. Glossary of healthcare terms & abbreviations [Internet]. Princeton (NJ): NJHA, 2002. Available from: http: //www. njha. com/publications/pubcatalog/glossary. pdf • Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) [Internet]. About us. Washington (DC): PCORI, 2012. Available from: http: //www. pcori. org/ • Shi L, Singh DA. Delivering health care in America: a systems approach. Boston (MA): Jones and Bartlett Publishers; 2008. Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings Public Health and Healthcare System Terminology Lecture b 20