Terminology 3 Terminology management Managing the terminology project

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Terminology 3 Terminology management

Terminology 3 Terminology management

Managing the terminology project • Documentary research – Situating the micro-domain – Deciding on

Managing the terminology project • Documentary research – Situating the micro-domain – Deciding on the extension of the domain – Building a corpus • Using primary documentation • Using secondary documentation

Approach • Semasiological – from the word to the concept • Onomasiological – from

Approach • Semasiological – from the word to the concept • Onomasiological – from the concept to the word For result for lexicography – Onomasiological dictionary : thematic order – Semasiological : alphabetical order

A dialectic approach • Onomasiology – a top-down approach – embodied in the tree

A dialectic approach • Onomasiology – a top-down approach – embodied in the tree diagram • Semasiology – a bottom-up approach • starting from texts • building up to tree diagram • incorporating features in the term record

The term record • Language fields – – Headword Po. S Context (= attestation)

The term record • Language fields – – Headword Po. S Context (= attestation) Synonyms, variants • Conceptual fields – Definition – Conceptual relationships • Hierarchical • Partitive • indirect • Management fields • Date • Number of record • Author of record

Secondary resources • Term banks • IATE – www. iate. europa. eu/ • Termium

Secondary resources • Term banks • IATE – www. iate. europa. eu/ • Termium – www. termiumplus. gc. ca/ • Grand dictionnaire terminologique – www. granddictionnaire. com

Lexicographical resources in earth sciences • Foucault, Raoult (2005), Dictionnaire de géologie, Paris, Dunod.

Lexicographical resources in earth sciences • Foucault, Raoult (2005), Dictionnaire de géologie, Paris, Dunod. • Pomerol, Lagabrielle, Renard, et al. (2011), Eléments de géologie, Paris, Dunod. Collection: Sciences Sup. • Saffache (2003), Glossaire de géomorphologie, Paris, Matoury. • Allaby & Allaby (2008), A Dictionary of Earth Sciences, Oxford Paperback Reference.

Term entry in Dictionnaire de géologie (2005) • faille n. f. [de l’ancien français

Term entry in Dictionnaire de géologie (2005) • faille n. f. [de l’ancien français faillir, manque, parce que, après une faille, le mineur ne retrouve plus le filon, ou la couche, qu’il exploitait; angl. fault] – Cassure de terrain avec déplacement relatif des parties séparées. – En pratique, ce terme désigne le plus souvent les accidents verticaux, ou à pendage fort et n’impliquant pas de recouvrement important (chevauchage, charriage). […] – La nomenclature relative aux failles : les deux parties séparées par la faille sont appelées compartiments, les surfaces engendrées par les cassures sont les lèvres […]

How faults are classified 1. selon leur pendage: faille verticale ou oblique 2. selon

How faults are classified 1. selon leur pendage: faille verticale ou oblique 2. selon leur rejet: faille normale (= faille directe, faille de distension, faille distensive), le rejet horizontal transversal correspond à une distension; faille inverse (= faille de compression, faille compressive) où le rejet horizontal transversal correspond à un raccourcissement […], décrochement, à rejet uniquement horizontal et dans le plan de la faille, qui est généralement verticale ou presque. 3. selon leurs rapports avec les couches […] 4. selon les rapports de leurs rejets 5. selon leurs rapports génétiques 6. selon leur forme

Terminologies respond to a need – specific • translation project – quality control for

Terminologies respond to a need – specific • translation project – quality control for documentation – data mining – indexing etc.

Two complementary approaches • Ad hoc terminology (terminologie ponctuelle) – on demand – in

Two complementary approaches • Ad hoc terminology (terminologie ponctuelle) – on demand – in connection with a project • Systematic terminology – by micro-domains • IATE – ex Eurodicautom : water quality

Method • depends on goals – How to define the goals ? • •

Method • depends on goals – How to define the goals ? • • • translation ? technical writing ? quality control ? building on to an existing resource? etc.

Characteristics of a term • a name – nouns – noun phrases • unit

Characteristics of a term • a name – nouns – noun phrases • unit of thought or understanding • used in a specialized area of knowledge or activity

Simple terms, complex terms – How do we distinguish between terms and other, discursive

Simple terms, complex terms – How do we distinguish between terms and other, discursive noun phrases?

Communicative – Terms are the vehicles of specialised communication • pragmatic aspect – between

Communicative – Terms are the vehicles of specialised communication • pragmatic aspect – between specialists (basic level for terminology work) – between specialists and future specialists – between specialists and non specialists (semi-specialists and non-specialists : popular science)

Cf. Le Pavel • • Termes simples par dérivation : budgétiser; disquette Termes simples

Cf. Le Pavel • • Termes simples par dérivation : budgétiser; disquette Termes simples par composition : télétravail (travail à distance); cybermarchand (vendeur sur Internet) Termes simples par télescopage : logithèque (bibliothèque de logiciels) Termes simples par acronymie : maser (Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) Termes simples par siglaison : ZLEA (Zone de libre-échange des Amériques); SRAS (syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère) Termes complexes par jonction – zéro-tolérance; e-formation (formation en ligne) Termes complexes par juxtaposition – édition électronique; pollution par le bruit, université virtuelle – http: //www. btb. termiumplus. gc. ca/didacticiel_tutorial/francais/lecon 1/pag e 1_2_5_f. html

Some criteria for distinguishing terms • • • semantic : the term refers to

Some criteria for distinguishing terms • • • semantic : the term refers to a single concept quantitative : frequency in similar sorts of texts taxonomic : part of a hierarchical classification synonymic : synonym of a recognized term neological: name for a new concept in the field typographical: use of inverted commas, italics, etc. http: //hosting. eila. univ-paris-diderot. fr/~juilliar/ - Cours 5 : Introduction à la terminologie, L’Unité terminologique: le découpage des termes complexes

Ask an expert! …. but not straight off! • A term [is a] –

Ask an expert! …. but not straight off! • A term [is a] – specialised concept – used in a specialised field • by experts/specialists – Experts can define the term/concept – Experts can relate the term with other terms of the field – thus giving insight into the knowledge structure