TENSES PART 1 Simple Present Present Continuous Simple

TENSES: PART 1 - Simple Present - Present Continuous - Simple Past - Past Continuous - Future Simple PR. Najwa Bouyarmane

PRESENT SIMPLE Affirmative Form Subject + Verb + Object He/She/It = Verb + s + es + ies - I go to the university. - He works at the bank. -They live in Casablanca. -… Negative Form Subject + Do / Does + not + Verb + Object - I do not go to the university. - He does not work at the bank. - They do not live in Casablanca -… Interrogative Form Do / Does + Subject + Verb …? - Do you go to the university? - Does he work at the bank? - Do they live in Casablanca? -…

PRESENT SIMPLE FORMS Affirmative Negative (full form) Interrogative SINGULAR I study I do not study Do I study…? You study You do not study Do you study…? He studies He does not study Does he study…? She studies She does not study Does she study…? It studies It does not study Does it study…? We study We do not study Do we study…? You study You do not study Do you study…? They study They do not study Do they study…? PLURAL

PRESENT CONTINUOUS Affirmative Form Subject + aux. of verb « to be » in the simple present+ Verb + ing + Object - I am going to the university. - He is working at the bank. -They are living in Casablanca. -… Negative Form Subject + aux. of verb « to be » in the simple present + not + Verb + ing + Object - I am not going to the university. - He is not working at the bank. - They are not living in Casablanca. -… Interrogative Form Aux. of verb « to be » + Subject + Verb + ing … ? - Are you going to the university? - Is he working at the bank? - Are they living in Casablanca? -…

PRESENT CONTINUOUS FORMS Affirmative Negative (full form) Interrogative SINGULAR I am studying I am not studying Am I studying…? You are studying You are not studying Are you studying…? He is studying He is not studying Is he studying…? She is studying She is not studying Is she studying…? It is studying (It is not studying) (Is it studying…? ) We are studying We are not studying Are we studying…? You are studying You are not studying Are you studying…? They are studying They are not studying Are they studying…? PLURAL

SIMPLE PAST / Regular Verbs Affirmative Form Negative Form - Yesterday, I played football with Subject + Verb + ed + object my friends. - I listened to the radio in the morning, and there were good news. - Last weekend, my mother cooked us a delicious meal Subject + did + not + verb + object Interrogative Form Did + subject + verb + … ? - Yesterday, I did not play football with my friends. - I did not listen to the radio in the morning, because there were bad news. - Last weekend, I did not cook a delicious meal, because I forgot some spices. -Did you watch the news yesterday? -Did he travel to Paris last June? -Did she work during the holidays?

SIMPLE PAST / Regular Verbs Affirmative Form Negative Form (full form) Interrogative Form I played I did not play Did I play ? You played You did not play Did you play ? He played He did not play Did he play? She played She did not play Did she play? It played It did not play Did it play? We played We did not play Did we play? You played You did not play Did you play? They played They did not play Did they play?

SIMPLE PAST / Irregular Verbs - Two weeks ago, my brother saw a small colourful bird in our garden. - I was so hungry that I ate two sandwiches at once. - Last sunday, I went to visit my grandparents. Affirmative Form Subject + Verb (list) + object Negative Form Subject + did + not + verb (list) + object - Two weeks ago, my sister did not see a colorful bird in our garden. Interrogative Form Did + Subject + verb (list) ? - Did you visit your grandparnts last Sunday?

SIMPLE PAST / Irregular Verbs Affirmative Form Negative Form (full form) Interrogative Form I did not do Did I do ? You did not do Did you do ? He did not do Did he do ? She did not do Did she do ? It did not do Did it do ? We did not do Did we do ? You did not do Did you do ? They did not do Did they do ?

TYPES OF VERBS SIMPLE PAST REGULAR VERBS IRREGULAR VERBS Regular verbs have a unified tense ending. Example: Irregular verbs have an ending which needs to be learnt by heart (a list). Example: ØVerb = to play ØVerb = to listen ØVerb = to cook ØVerb = to watch Ø… ØVerb = to see ØVerb = to eat ØVerb = to go ØVerb = to do Ø… play + ed = played listen + ed = listened cook + ed = cooked watch + ed = watched Examples: Ø Yesterday, I played football with my friends. Ø I listened to the radio in the morning, and there were good news. Ø Last weekend, my mother cooked us a delicious meal Ø Last saturday, my friend and I watched a comedy, it was hilarious. saw ate went did Examples: Ø Two weeks ago, my brother saw a small colourful bird in our garden. Ø I was so hungry that I ate two sandwiches at once. Ø Last sunday, I went to visit my grandparents. Ø Yesterday, my sister did all my homeworks.

PAST CONTINUOUS Affirmative Form Subject + « to be » in the simple past + Verb + ing + object - Yesterday, I was watching T. V. all day long. Negative Form Subject + « to be » in the simple past + not + Verb + ing + object - Yesterday, I was not watching T. V. all day long. Interrogative Form « to be » in the simple past + Subject + Verb + ing + …. ? - Were you watching T. V. yesterday all day long?

PAST CONTINUOUS Affirmative Form Negative Form (full form) Interrogative Form I was working I was not working Was I working … ? You were working You were not working Were you working … ? He was working He was not working Was he working … ? She was working She was not working Was she working … ? It was working It was not working Was it working … ? We were working We were not working Were we working … ? You were working You were not working Were you working … ? They were working They were not working Were they working … ?

FUTURE SIMPLE / Will + VERB Affirmative Form Subject + will + verb -I will go to Mexico next year Negative Form Subject + will + not + verb - He will not go to Mexico next year Or Subject + won’t + verb Interrogative Form Will + subject + verb … ? Will he go to Mexico next year?

FUTURE SIMPLE / Will + VERB Affirmative Form Negative Form Interrogative Form I will travel I will not travel Will I travel? You will travel You will not travel Will you travel? He will travel He will not travel Will he travel? She will travel She will not travel Will she travel? It will travel It will not travel Will it travel? We will travel Will will not travel Will we travel? You will travel You will not travel Will you travel? They will travel They will not travel Will they travel?

FUTURE SIMPLE / to be + going to + verb Affirmative Form Subject + to be + going to + verb + object -I am going to visit the dentist tomorrow. Negative Form Subject + to be + not + going to + verb + object -I am not going to visit the dentist tommorw. Interrogative Form To be + subject + going to + verb … ? -Are you going to visit the dentist tomorrow?

FUTURE SIMPLE / to be + going to + verb Affirmative Form Negative Form Interrogative Form I am going to travel I am not going to travel Am I going to travel? You are going to travel You are not going to travel Are you going to travel? He is going to travel He is not going to travel Is he going to travel? She is going to travel She is not going to travel Is she going to travel? It is going to travel It is not going to travel Is it going to travel? We are going to travel We are not going to travel Are we going to travel? You are going to travel You are not going to travel Are you going to travel? They are going to travel They ar not going to travel Are they going to travel?

WHEN TO USE: Simple Present Vs. Present Continuous Uses Simple Present Continuous - Habits or Routines (fixed ones) -Adverbs of Frequency (never, always, usually, …) - Short Actions -Negative Habits -Long Actions - Actions which are happening at the moment, but will finish soon Simple Past Vs. Past Continuous Uses Simple Past Continuous -Used with past time adverbs (yesterday, last -Past events that were in progress at a year, …) particular point of time in the past - Short Actions - Long Actions

FUTURE SIMPLE USE Will + Verb (infinitive) To be + going to + Verb (infinitive) 1. Immediate Decisions 1. Plans and Intentions « I will have a salad and fish, please » « I am going to visit my aunt next Friday » 2. Predictions 2. When you can see what is going to happen « People will work more from home in the future » « When the boss sees this, she is going to be angry »