Temperature Regulation in Heterotherms and Homeotherms First Response

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Temperature Regulation in Heterotherms and Homeotherms • • First Response – Behavioral Conduction and

Temperature Regulation in Heterotherms and Homeotherms • • First Response – Behavioral Conduction and Anatomy – Big Ears Counter Current circulation in Fish Sexy Dolphins Insect Flight Warm-up Brown Fat and Hibernation Fever Thermostat

Heat Exchangers in Dolphins Maturation of sperm in mammals requires cooling below 37 o.

Heat Exchangers in Dolphins Maturation of sperm in mammals requires cooling below 37 o. C. In most mammals, the testes are held outside the body core to prevent overheating. Dolphins retain testes internally, but a specialized rete connects to the flukes to bring cooler blood to the area.

Billfish – eye muscles are modified as heater tissue

Billfish – eye muscles are modified as heater tissue

Saves the metabolic cost of maintaining body temperature Large mammals enter tupor or sleep,

Saves the metabolic cost of maintaining body temperature Large mammals enter tupor or sleep, but their body temperature only falls a few decrees Small mammals hibernate and reduce heart rate to 10% of normal. Reduced metabolism and Vitamin C protect cells. Tupor, Sleeping and Hibernation

Human Temp Regulation • Normal body temperature is 37 o. C. Convulsions occur at

Human Temp Regulation • Normal body temperature is 37 o. C. Convulsions occur at 41 o. C and there is no survival above 43 o. C • The thermoneutral zone is from 25 to 30 o. C, above and below that physiological mechanisms increase heat loss or gain.

Fever resets the hypothalamic thermostat. Chemical messages themed endogenous pyrogens are released from macrophages

Fever resets the hypothalamic thermostat. Chemical messages themed endogenous pyrogens are released from macrophages in the presence of bacteria. Endogenous pyrogens (mostly interleukins) act on thermoreceptros in the hypothalamus by stimulating a release of prostaglandins which alter the release of thermoreceptor firing. Aspirin lowers fever by inhibiting prostaglandins.

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