TEMPERATURE PULSE RESPIRATIONS Abbreviated TPR TEMPERATURE The measurement

TEMPERATURE, PULSE, RESPIRATIONS Abbreviated: TPR

TEMPERATURE The measurement of core body heat

ROUTES TO MEASURE TEMPERATURE 4 Oral: By mouth 4 Rectally: By rectum 4 Axillary: Under the arm in the armpit 4 Tympanic: In the ear

TYPES OF THERMOMETERS 4 Digital Electronic: To be used for oral, rectal, and axillary 4 Thermoscan - Digital: To be used for tympanic 4 Mercury or glass: To be used for oral, rectal, and axillary

NORMS 4 Orally: 97. 6 - 99. 6 degrees Fahrenheit 4 Rectally: 99. 6 - 100. 6 degrees Fahrenheit 4 Tympanic - manufacturers say to measure as for rectal 4 Axillary: 96. 6 - 98. 6 degrees Fahrenheit

WHAT THERMOMETER SHOULD BE USED? 4 Tympanic: Special device with plastic covers. 4 Electronic: All routes. Probes that are red in color for rectal temperatures; blue in color for oral and axillary. 4 Mercury: All routes. Red ends are rectal; blue ends oral and axillary.

DURATION FOR TAKING TEMPERATURES 4 Tympanic: As long as it takes to push a 4 4 button Electronic: Until thermometer beeps Mercury Oral: Three minutes Mercury Rectal: Three minutes Mercury Axillary: Ten minutes

BE CAREFUL ON RECTAL AND AXILLARY TEMPS 4 Always hold thermometer in place while measuring both temperatures 4 Always use lubricant with rectal temperatures 4 Always remove clothing around axilla

READING THERMOMETER 4 Mercury Fahrenheit thermometers are read by degree and 0. 2 of a degree 4 Long lines indicate degrees 4 Short lines indicate 0. 2 of a degree 4 Four short lines between each long line (0. 2, 0. 4, 0. 6, 0. 8)

PULSE The wave of blood created by the heart pumping, that travels along the arteries.

FIND WHERE TO PULSES 4 At points where the artery is between finger tips and a bony area 4 Called pulse points 4 Felt with 2 -3 fingers, but never the thumb

PULSE POINTS AND THEIR LOCATIONS 4 Temporal 4 Radial 4 Carotid 4 Femoral 4 Apical 4 Popliteal 4 Brachial 4 Dorsal Pedalis

HOW TO MEASURE? 4 Measured in beats per minute 4 Count the waves for 60 seconds 4 Or, count the waves for 30 seconds - multiply by 2

NORMS 4 Pulse norms are 60 - 100 beats per minute 4 Pulses between 90 - 100 are in a gray area - high normal 4 Faster than 100 - tachycardia 4 Slower than 60 - bradycardia

QUALITY OF PULSE 4 Rhythm: regular or irregular 4 Rate: Within the normal limits 4 Strength: Strong, bounding, thready

WHAT AFFECTS PULSE RATES AND QUALITY 4 Body Temperature 4 Emotions 4 Activity Level 4 Health of the Heart

RESPIRATION The mechanical act of breathing in air (inspiration) and expelling air (expiration) from the body

RESPIRATION 4 Measured in breaths per minute 4 Normal range is 12 - 24 breaths per minute 4 Greater than 24 is tachypnea 4 Less than 12 is bradypnea 4 Watch for rate, depth, quality of breath, and difficulty in breathing

METHOD OF MEASURING TPR 4 If using a mercury thermometer, measure the pulse and respiration while waiting for the temperature 4 If using another method of measuring the temperature, complete the temperature then measure the pulse and respiration 4 Keep you fingers on the pulse while measuring the respiration

CHARTING 4 Chart in order temperature - pulse - respiration. 4 Do not write T =, etc. 4 Write (Ax) after axillary temperatures 4 Write (R) after rectal temperatures

ABBREVIATIONS 4 SOB - Short of breath 4 QID - Four times a day pulse, and respiration 4 QS - Every shift Within normal limits 4 QD - Every day 4 P. O. - By mouth 4 PRN - As needed 4 BID -Twice a day 4 Ad Lib - At liberty 4 TID -Three times a 4 B/P - Blood Pressure day 4 VS - Vital Signs 4 TPR - Temperature,

ABBREVIATIONS 4 SOB 4 QID 4 TPR 4 QS 4 WNL 4 QD 4 PO 4 PRN 4 BID 4 Ad Lib 4 TID 4 B/P 4 VS

ABBREVIATIONS 4 Short of breath 4 Four times a day 4 Temperature, pulse, 4 Every shift and respiration Within normal limits 4 By mouth 4 Twice a day 4 Three times a day 4 Every day 4 As needed 4 At liberty 4 Blood Pressure 4 Vital Signs

TERMS 4 Eupnea - Normal 4 Bradypnea - Slow breathing 4 Orthopnea - Sitting upright to breath more easily 4 Apnea - No breath 4 Hyperpnea - Fast, deep breathing 4 Tachypnea - Fast, shallow breathing 4 Dyspnea - Painful or difficult breathing 4 Tachycardia - Pulse rate in excess of 100 bpm 4 Bradycardia - pulse rate less than 60 bpm

TERMS 4 Eupnea 4 Bradypnea 4 Orthopnea 4 Dyspnea 4 Apnea 4 Tachycardia 4 Hyperpnea 4 Bradycardia 4 Tachypnea

TERMS 4 Normal Breathing 4 Slow breathing 4 Sitting upright to breath more easily 4 Fast, deep breathing 4 Fast, shallow breathing 4 Painful or difficult breathing 4 Pulse rate in excess of 100 beats per minute 4 Pulse rate less that 60 beats per minute

TERMS 4 Bounding pulse - excessively strong pulse 4 Thready pulse - Pulse rate difficult to palpate because the heart is not beating hard enough to produce a strong wave of blood. Feels as though there is a piece of thread running under the fingertips.

TERMS 4 Bounding pulse 4 Thready pulse

TERMS 4 Excessively strong pulse 4 Pulse difficult to palpate because heart not beating heard enough