Temperature and Particle Movement EQ How do I

Temperature and Particle Movement EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?

Matter and moving particles • All matter is made of atoms • Atoms are always in motion • Motion of atoms give off energy EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?

Kinetic Theory of Matter • All the particles that make up matter are constantly in motion • Explains the different states of matter EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?

Kinetic Theory of Matter • Solid – Particles are not free to move around very much – Vibrate back in forth in the same position – Held tightly together by forces of attraction EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?

Kinetic Theory of Matter • Liquid Particles – Move more freely than solids – Constantly sliding around and tumbling over each other as they move EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?

Kinetic Theory of Matter • Gas Particles – Are far apart – Move at high speeds – Might collide with one another, but otherwise they do not interact EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?

Particle Speed • Do not always move at the same speed even in the same object • A fast moving particle may strike another particle and lose speed • A slow moving particle may strike a faster one and pick up speed EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?

Temperature • A measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object, not just speed • If a liquid has a high temperature, the particles are…. . Moving faster This means the kinetic energy is high EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?

Temperature Scales • Degrees – Used to measure temperatures – Equally spaced units between two points • To establish a temperature we usually use the freezing and melting points of water EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?

Celsius • SI Unit for measuring temperature • Freezing is 0 • Boiling is 100 EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?

Why does a thermometer’s fluid go up? • Measures temperature through the regular variation of some physical property of the material inside thermometer • Measures temperatures because the liquid inside thermometer always expands or contracts by a certain amount in response to a change in temperature EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?

Thermal Expansion • Property that makes liquid filled thermometers work All gases, many liquids and most solids expand when their temperature increases EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?

Expansion Joints • Used to build highways and bridges • Short segments with slight breaks in highways and bridges • Allows the material to expand easily EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?

Class Work and Homework • Fill In – What did I learn – Confused – Say EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature? – Read pages 37 – 42 – Answer questions 1 -6 – Questions 1 – 3, plus the challenge question on page 43