Tell the story of how Moses Austin and

Tell the story of how Moses Austin and Stephen F. Austin helped colonize Texas.

US History Preview n England settled the 13 colonies along the Atlantic Ocean. Settlements were located near water for ease of shipping (exports/imports)

Timeline 1826 Fredonian Rebellion 1828 Mier y Teran expedition 1829 Mexico ends slavery 1830 law changes rule on immigration 1831 Town of Gonzales receives a cannon for protection. 1834 SFA arrested 1835 Mexico abolishes constitution of 1824

Fredonian Rebellion • In 1826, Haden Edwards was granted a contract to settle families in the area of Nacogdoches • Many residents did not have title to their land. Edwards said they had to buy a title from him. • Mexican official Jose Antonio Saucedo would not let him do this.

Fredonian Rebellion • Haden and his brother, Benjamin, declared their colony independent and took control of the Old Stone Fort in Nacogdoches in Dec. 1826 • Raised a flag stating “Independence, Liberty, and Justice” and declared their colony the independent Republic of Fredonia • Revolt received no aid and collapsed

Increasing Fears and Concerns v The Fredonian Rebellion caused Mexican officials to fear the U. S. wanted Texas. v U. S. Ambassador to Mexico, Anthony Butler proposed that Mexico sell Texas to the United States v Mexico sent General Manuel Mier y Teran to inspect Texas for US influence

Increasing Fears and Concerns v Teran told the Mexican government to stop immigration from the U. S. v Mexican president issued a decree abolishing slavery in 1829 (officials in San Antonio convinced him to exempt Texas)

The Law of April 6, 1830 Stopped all immigration from the U. S. • Suspended incomplete empresario contracts • Set up new forts and provided for more Mexican troops sent to Texas • Placed taxes on goods made in foreign nations • This was a turning point in relations with Texas colonists and the Mexican government •

THE FIRST CLASH o Occurred in 1832 in the port town of Anahuac o Mexican commander argued with colonists about return of runaway slaves and collection of taxes. o Commander Bradburn arrested lawyers William B. Travis and Patrick Jack for interfering with collection of taxes on imported goods

THE FIRST CLASH o Armed colonists marched on Anahuac demanding the release of Travis and Jack o Outnumbered, the settlers withdrew to Turtle Bayou and sent John Austin to Brazoria to pick up cannons to use in the attack

The Turtle Bayou Resolutions ü Colonists declared their loyalty to Mexico ü Said they supported Santa Anna against President Bustamante ü Colonel Piedras promised Texans to have Bradburn removed from his command

The Battle of Velasco When John Austin tried to bring a cannon through the port of Velasco, Mexican commander said he was a rebel. At the Battle of Velasco, Ugartechea surrendered to Austin At the Battle of Velasco, Mexican Commander surrendered to John Austin

§ President Bustamante resigned in 1832 § General Antonio de Lopez de Santa Anna became President of Mexico § Texans believed Santa Anna would support them because he was a Federalist Santa Anna

Convention of 1832 § Met at San Felipe beginning in Oct 1832 § Delegates decided that: 1. Texas be made a separate Mexican state 2. Immigration from the U. S. be opened again 3. Exemption from certain import taxes, improved educational facilities

Convention of 1832 § Better protection from Native Americans § Land titles for settlers in East Texas Convention of 1833 Adopted many of the same resolutions and also prepared a constitution for the Mexican State of Texas

Austin’s Trip to Mexico City Stephen Austin § Stephen Austin went to Mexico City in July 1833 to present the resolutions § Santa Anna’s government was not well organized. Austin waited months to talk to Santa Anna

Austin’s Trip to Mexico City § Wrote letter in October 1833 asking officials in San Antonio encouraging them to form their own government § In December, Austin presented the resolutions Stephen Austin to Santa Anna. In Dec he started home but was arrested because of the letter he had written.

Austin’s Imprisonment § Austin was charged with treason and spent one year in prison § Attorneys Peter Grayson & Spencer Jack got Austin released on bail on December 25, 1834

Austin’s Release § Austin returned to Texas in September 1835 to find there had been more trouble while he was in prison. § Austin came out in support of the Consultation and shared concern that Santa Anna was becoming a dictator

Texas Revolution 1835 -1836 Oct. 2, 1835 Battle of Gonzales (Come and Take it) Dec. 9, 1835 Texas troops capture San Antonio Feb. 23 -March 6, 1836 Siege of the Alamo

Timeline continued March 2, 1836 Texas Declaration is adopted March 27, 1836 Goliad Massacre April 21, 1836 Battle of San Jacinto (18 minutes, 9 Texans, 630 Mexicans die) May 14, 1836 Treaties of Velasco

Republic of Texas 1836 -1845 Presidents: 1. Sam Houston 2. M. B. Lamar 3. Sam Houston 4. Anson Jones

Annexed! n In 1845 Texas in annexed as the 28 th state in the Union sparking the Mexican. American War (1846 -1848)