Television Birth of Television Nipkow Disk n Philo
Television
Birth of Television Nipkow Disk n Philo T. Farnsworth n Vladimir Zworkin n
The Big Freeze 1946 - 100 licenses cause problems n FCC froze until develop master plan n 1952 plan to prevent interference, still in use today n 1952 most Americans had a set n
TV Nation n 6 -7 inch sets at $400 By 48, in bars and could gather and watch 1950 - 10% of homes 1960 - 90% of homes n 50’s about 4 ½ hours a day n How much do you watch? n n n
Color TV 1929 begin experimentation n 1946 CBS had a rotating disk system n FCC demand compatibility n 1953 RCA develop system n 1967 most sets and programs in color n Mid 90’s almost all TV sets are color n
Two Golden Ages of TV n 1952 -1960 ¨ Rapid growth ¨ Quality programming n 1960 -1980 ¨ Economic boom ¨ But dissatisfaction with medium n The Big Three
Alternatives to Broadcast n Cable Television ¨ Started to get TV to where no signal ¨ 60’s start to grow and networks say pirates ¨ 80’s less 20% homes by 2000 68% ¨ Market share reduced ¨ Segments viewers
Alternatives to Broadcast n VCR and DVD ¨ Ampex develop in 1956 ¨ 1970 developing small home version ¨ Sony Beta and Panasonic VHS ¨ Threat to TV and movies? ¨ Digital Versatile Disc
Alternatives to Broadcast Direct Broadcast Satellite n Digital TV n ¨ Numbers instead of electrical impulses ¨ 16 by 9 instead of 4 by 3 ¨ Feb. 17, 2009 all analog transmitter are turned off
TV as Contemporary Medium 8 hours 15 minutes per day (household) n Economic competition n ¨ 2000 - 1, 248 commercial/ 354 public ¨ 5 or 6 major networks ¨ Barter syndication ¨ Audience attention ¨ Ratings ¨ Law of large numbers
TV as Contemporary Medium n Content Producers ¨ Networks produce content ¨ Large ownership companies (85% group owned) ¨ Increase in average owner per group (8. 1 in 2002 from 3. 5 in 1985) ** (tower video) ** n Industry in Transition ¨ Global media ¨ Cable/DBS/DVD challenge n V-chip and ratings system ¨ TV-Y, TV-Y 7, TV-G, TV-PG, TV-14, TV-MA
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