TEKS 8 C Calculate percent composition and empirical

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Unit 1: The Gilded Age and the Industrialization of the United States Power. Point #2

Daily Essential Questions: TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. 1. How did American urban (city) life change between 1875 -1914? a. With regard to immigrants? b. With regard to cities? 2. How did politics change during the Gilded Age?

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. How were the immigrants different in the late 1800 s? • 1600 -1830 s - Protestants from North West Europe Old Immigrants • 1840 -50 s, German & Irish Catholics (pre • Families to settle farms 1870 s) • Had money, a skill, or an education • Children blended into society. • Mainly Catholics or Jews from Southern and Eastern Europe (Italy, Poland) – make up 70% of immigrants after 1900. “New” • Attracted to cities (vs. farms) Immigrants • Poor & unskilled (post • There was a fear these new immigrants would 1870 s) destroy American culture. • Sought ways to participate in the democratic process.

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. How were the immigrants different in the late 1800 s? • 1600 -1830 s - Protestants from North West Europe Old Immigrants • 1840 -50 s, German & Irish Catholics (pre • Families to settle farms 1870 s) • Had money, a skill, or an education • Children blended into society. • Mainly Catholics or Jews from Southern and Eastern Europe (Italy, Poland) – make up 70% of immigrants after 1900. “New” • Attracted to cities (vs. farms) Immigrants • Poor & unskilled (post • There was a fear these new immigrants would 1870 s) destroy American culture. • Sought ways to participate in the democratic process.

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. The foreign-born population of the U. S. nearly doubled between 1870 and 1900.

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. What was it like when a new immigrant arrived? 1. Processed at stations, - Ellis Island in NY Harbor or Angel Island in San Francisco Bay. a. Europeans – primarily at Ellis Island b. Chinese and other Asians – Angel Island 2. Lived in cities in Ethnic ghettos. (Little Italy, Chinatown) 3. Nativism - hostility from native-born white Americans 4. People voted for those who helped them find jobs such as neighborhood and ward bosses! https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=HGkqh-iw. S 28 Ellis Island – What it means today. 5 min https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=s 8 b. PDd. NRoxc Actual footage of immigrants – no sound

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. How did Congress start to restrict immigration to the US? . • In 1882, the Chinese Exclusion Act prohibited immigration and limited the rights of Chinese immigrants. Did not allow the naturalization of Chinese residents. • Another law prohibited the immigration of criminals, paupers, anyone likely to need public assistance.

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. What is urbanization? The movement to cities! In 1860 - only 16 % live in towns or cities Today appx. By 1900, 32 %— 15 million Americans— lived in cities of more than 50, 000. 80%!

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. NAME OF CITY POPULATION IN 1870 POPULATION IN 1900 POPULATION IN 1920 Boston 250, 525 560, 892 748, 060 Chicago 298, 977 1, 698, 575 2, 701, 705 Los Angeles 5, 728 102, 479 576, 673 New York 1, 478, 103 3, 437, 202 5, 620, 048 Philadelphia 1, 293, 687 1, 350, 000 1, 823, 779 Pittsburgh 86, 075 321, 616 588, 343 San Francisco 149, 473 342, 782 506, 676 Seattle 1, 107 237, 194 315, 312

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. What problems did rapid population growth cause in cities? 1. Neighborhoods overcrowded. 2. Poor workers lived in crowded tenements – little sanitation, often dangerous, crime. 3. Unpaved streets. 4. Disease. This leads to…. 1. 2. 3. 4. City sanitation – garbage men! Firefighters and more police. Electric streetlights for safety. New transportation – streetcars, trolleys

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. What advantages did cities offer to the middle class? More money for some led to an increase in the standard of living which led to… 1. conspicuous consumerism and mass culture a. b. c. d. e. f. Shopping in department stores Wearing fashionable clothing Amusement Parks – Coney Island Circuses and Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show Vaudeville shows and Ragtime bands Baseball, Boxing, Horse Racing and other sports 2. More public education – literacy rates increased to almost 90% by 1900. 3. Better sanitation and health

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v= RRhjqqe 750 A&t=355 s Crash Course 12 min The literacy rate climbed to nearly 90 percent by 1900.

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. EQ #2. How did politics change during the Gilded Age?

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. What are examples of political corruption? 1. Congress passed few laws between 1877 and 1900. • • • Neither political party achieved control of both the White House and Congress for more than two years in a row. Presidents during the Gilded Age were elected only by slim margins. This made it difficult to pass new laws. 2. Corruption plagued national politics as many officials accepted bribes. Examples: • 1872 -3 - Credit Mobilier Scandal – Railroad company sold shares to politicians who then approved government funds to build more railroads – which made the politicians money. • 1875 - Whiskey Ring – Whiskey Makers around the country bribed govt. officials so they would not have to pay whiskey taxes. 3. The spoils system – in which party supporters received government jobs regardless of their qualifications, shifted power to a few.

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. 4. President James Garfield was assassinated by a man who believed the Republican Party owed him a job SO…. In 1883, President Chester A. Arthur signed into law the Pendleton Civil Service Act, which established a meritbased system for government employment. (To try to put an end to the Spoils System) President Garfield 20 th President March 1881 – Sept. 1881 President Arthur 21 st President Sept. 1881 – March 1885

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. 5. Local Politics – Political Machines – organizations that provided social services and jobs in exchange for votes. Most Famous Tammany Hall led by Boss Tweed – use fraud and corruption to gain power and make money. https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Yil d. L_il. QFY Boss Tweed 9 min

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. 6 https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Spgdy 3 Hkc. Ss Crash Course Gilded Age Politics 13 min

What does Gilded Age mean? TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. In his 1873 novel, The Gilded Age, Mark Twain satirically depicted American society as gilded, or having a rotten core covered with gold paint. Historians call the late 19 th century (the late 1800 s) the Gilded Age. What do you think?